during the past two decades, a variety of serum or cerebrospinal fluid (csf) biochemical markers in daily clinical practice have been recommended to diagnose and monitor diverse diseases or pathologic situations. it will be essential to develop a panel of biomarkers, to be suitable for evaluation of treatment efficacy, representing distinct phases of injury and recovery and consider the tempora...

Hypoglycemic hemiplegia mimics cerebrovascular disease. Two patients are reported who experienced multiple attacks of transient hemiplegia associated with hypoglycemia and who were initially diagnosed as having transient ischemic attacks. In both, angiography was normal and the attacks resolved with reduction of insulin dose. Recognition of hypoglycemia as the cause of transient hemiplegia is i...

Hypoglycemic hemiplegia mimics cerebrovascular disease. Two patients are reported who experienced multiple attacks of transient hemiplegia associated with hypoglycemia and who were initially diagnosed as having transient ischemic attacks. In both, angiography was normal and the attacks resolved with reduction of insulin dose. Recognition of hypoglycemia as the cause of transient hemiplegia is i...

detection and modification of the risk factors of stroke may be the most effective strategy for preventing its often irreversible consequences. a longitudinal prospective study was implemented to evaluate the effect of several risk factors on the course of cerebrovascular disease. the study groups were composed of 3s8 normal volunteers, and 308 patients with transient ischemic attacks. the two ...

Erosive dermatitis is a skin reaction associated with implantable cardiac devices (ie, pacemakers and cardioverter defibrillators). We report a 65-year-old man with a history of several cerebrovascular attacks who developed an erythematous crusted erosive patch over the pacemaker site after implantation of two subsequent pacemakers. We suggest that physical irritation may be a trigger factor fo...

Patients with transient global amnesia are often categorized as having cerebrovascular disease. Noninvasive carotid artery testing was performed in 56 patients with transient global amnesia to determine if they had the same incidence of extracranial atherosclerotic vascular disease as patients with focal cerebral transient ischemic attacks. Only 3 of 56 patients had hemodynamic obstruction of f...

frequency of common etiologies of adult onset epilepsy is different in various studies. the aim of this study is to evaluate the frequency of common ‎etiologies of late adult onset epilepsies. ‎ all patients referred to razi and imam khomeini hospitals ‎in the year 2003 with at least two seizure attacks beginning after age of 50 were evaluated. in the majority of cases neuroimaging, electroence...

cerebrovascular attack (cva) and transient ischemic attack (tia) are major causes of emergency department visits around the globe. a significant number of these patients may experience repeat attacks if left untreated. several risk stratifying scoring systems have been developed in recent years to point out the high risk patients. abcd 2 is based on age, blood pressure, clinical status, diabete...

Among the various manifestations of cerebrovascular disease none is more important than the phenomenon of transient ischaemic attacks. This importance stems from the fact that, though these short-lived disturbances of neurological function may continue for years without apparent detriment to the patient, they often give warning of an impending stroke. Most commonly they are associated with athe...

In order to assess the incidence of acute cerebrovascular events, 142 patients with adult polycystic kidney disease were retrospectively reviewed. Fourteen patients (9.8%) had 19 cerebral attacks. Six patients (4.2%) had intracranial haemorrhage attacks (three ruptured intracranial aneurysms and three cerebral haemorrhages). Ischaemic events occurred in nine patients (five cerebral infarctions ...