background: campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are zoonotic bacteria which are frequently associated with human diarrhea. sharing of the cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) genes in campylobacter is common and is considered species specific. objectives: in this study we focused on detecting the presence of cdt gene in c. jejuni and c. coli isolated from broilers, turkeys and quails of ir...

Background: Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are zoonotic bacteria which are frequently associated with human diarrhea. Sharing of the cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) genes in Campylobacter is common and is considered species specific. OBJECTIVES: In this study we focused on detecting the presence of cdt gene in C. jejuni and C. coli isolated from broilers, turkeys and quails of Ir...

Cytolethal distending toxins (CDTs) represent an emerging family of newly described bacterial products that are produced by a number of pathogens. The genes encoding these toxins have been identified as a cluster of three adjacent genes, cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC, plus 5 cdt genetic variants, designated as cdt-I, cdt-II, cdt-III, cdt-IV, and cdt- V, have been identified to date. In this study, a gen...

An experimental system has been developed which allows the identification of intermediates in the abscisic acid (ABA) signal transduction pathway leading to desiccation tolerance in plants. Desiccation tolerance in callus of the resurrection plant Craterostigma plantagineum is mediated via the plant hormone ABA, which induces the expression of gene products related to desiccation tolerance. Bas...

We have shown the Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans produces an immunosuppressive factor encoded by the cytolethal distending toxin (cdt)B gene, which is homologous to a family of Cdts expressed by several Gram-negative bacteria. We now report that the capacity for CdtB to induce G(2) arrest in Jurkat cells is greater in the presence of the other Cdt peptides: CdtA and CdtC. Plasmids contain...

We identified cytolethal distending toxin and its gene (cdt) in 17 of 340 non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains (serotypes O73:H18, O91:H21, O113:H21, and O153:H18), all of which were eae negative. cdt is either chromosomal and homologous to cdt-V (serotypes O73:H18, O91:H21, and O113:H21) or plasmidborne and identical to cdt-III (serotype O153:H18). Among eae-negative ...

Cytolethal distending toxins (CDTs), which block eukaryotic cell proliferation by acting as inhibitory cyclomodulins, are produced by diverse groups of Gram-negative bacteria. Active CDT is composed of three polypeptides--CdtA, CdtB, and CdtC--encoded by the genes cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC, respectively. We developed a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay for the detection and differen...

Clinical Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans produces cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) with titers ranging from 10(2) to 10(8) U/mg. Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of the cdt gene in clinical isolates identified a variation of a single amino acid at residue 281 of CdtB, which significantly affected CDT toxicity by modulating the chromatin-degrading activity of CdtB.

Virulence of Clostridium difficile is primarily attributed to the large clostridial toxins A and B while the role of binary toxin (CDT) remains unclear. The prevalence of human strains of C. difficile possessing only CDT genes (A-B-CDT+) is generally low (< 5%), however, this genotype is commonly found in neonatal livestock both in Australia and elsewhere. Zoonotic transmission of C. difficile ...

Cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) is a newly identified virulence factor produced by several pathogenic bacteria implicated in chronic infection. Seventy three strains of periodontopathogenic bacteria were examined for the production of CDT by a HeLa cell bioassay and for the presence of the cdt gene by PCR with degenerative oligonucleotide primers, which were designed based on various regions ...