methods campylobacter jejuni atcc 33291 and seven isolates donated from instituto de biotecnologia were used in this study. the presence of cdt genes in c. jejuni strains was determined by pcr. to evaluate the effect of cdt, hela cells were treated with bacterial lysate, and the damage and morphological changes were analyzed by microscopy, immunofluorescence staining, and flow cytometry. to eva...

G2-phase-arrested immature starfish oocytes contain inactive cdc2 kinase and cdc25 phosphatase, and an inactivator for cdc2 kinase. In this system, we have studied how the regulatory balance is apped toward the initial activation of cdc2 kinase. During the hormone-dependent period (Guerrier, P., and M. Doree, 1975. Dev. Biol. 47:341-348), p34cdc2 and cdc25 protein are already converted, though ...

A key feature of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is the hyperplastic proliferation exhibited by vascular smooth muscle cells from patients (HPASMC). The growth inducers FOXM1 and PLK1 are highly upregulated in these cells. mechanism which two proteins direct aberrant not clear. Herein, we identify cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), also termed cell division cycle protein 2 (CDC2), as havin...

Mitosis-promoting factor (MPF) is a complex formed by cyclin B (cyclin B) and cyclin-dependent kinase (cdc2). To investigate the role of MPF in reproduction Exopalaemon carinicauda, we cloned its full-length cDNA Ec-cyclin Ec-cdc2 genes. We analyzed their molecular characteristics expression profiles during ovarian embryonic development. The results showed that gene was 1194 bp long encoded 397...

The mammalian homologue of the yeast cdc2 gene encodes a 34-kilodalton serine/threonine kinase that is a subunit of M phase-promoting factor. Recent studies have shown that p34cdc2 is also a major tyrosine-phosphorylated protein in HeLa cells and that its phosphotyrosine content is cell cycle regulated and related to its kinase activity. Here, we show that cdc2 is physically associated with and...

Cyclin B-dependent CDC2 kinase activity has a key role in triggering the G2/M-phase transition during the mitotic and meiotic cell cycles. The Hsp70-2 gene is expressed only in spermatogenic cells at a significant level. In Hsp70-2 gene knock-out (Hsp70-2(-/-)) mice, primary spermatocytes fail to complete meiosis I, suggesting a link between HSP70-2 heat-shock protein and CDC2 kinase activity d...

Okadaic acid and microcystin-LR, both potent inhibitors of protein phosphatases (PP), blocked vesicle fusion in a cell-free system. The effect of okadaic acid was reversed by the purified catalytic subunit of PP2A, but not PP1. Inhibition was gradual, required Mg-ATP, and was reduced by protein kinase inhibitors, indicating that it was mediated via protein phosphorylation. A candidate protein k...

Mouse FT210 cells at 39 degreesC cannot enter mitosis but arrest in G2 phase, because they lack Cdc2 kinase activity as a result of a temperature-sensitive lesion in the cdc2 gene. Incubation of arrested cells with the protein phosphatase 1 and 2A inhibitor okadaic acid induces morphologically normal chromosome condensation. We now show that okadaic acid also induces two other landmark events o...

A number of lines of evidence have suggested a possible involvement of the mitosis-promoting protein kinase Cdc2 in the process of apoptotic cell death, and one recent study concluded that premature activation of Cdc2 is required for apoptosis. Here we have used a temperature-sensitive murine Cdc2 mutant cell line and Cdc2 inhibitor compounds to study the effect of inhibition of this protein ki...