In the outer layers of the dorsal cochlear nucleus, a cerebellum-like structure in the auditory brain stem, multimodal sensory inputs drive parallel fibers to excite both principal (fusiform) cells and inhibitory cartwheel cells. Cartwheel cells, in turn, inhibit fusiform cells and other cartwheel cells. At the microcircuit level, it is unknown how these circuit components interact to modulate ...

Centrioles and basal bodies (referred to hereafter as centrioles for simplicity) are microtubule-based cylindrical organelles that are typically ∼450-nm long and ∼250nm in diameter. The centriole is composed of three distinct regions: the distal part characterized by microtubule doublets, the central core that harbors microtubule triplets, which are also present in the proximal part that also c...

How cellular organelles assemble is a fundamental question in biology. The centriole organelle organizes around a nine-fold symmetrical cartwheel structure typically ∼100 nm high comprising a stack of rings that each accommodates nine homodimers of SAS-6 proteins. Whether nine-fold symmetrical ring-like assemblies of SAS-6 proteins harbour more peripheral cartwheel elements is unclear. Furtherm...

This study investigates the learning dynamics of cartwheel cells in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN). Cartwheel cells are excited by parallel fibers that carry information from various sources, such as auditory stimuli, proprioception and recurrent inputs from higherorder auditory processing. Thus, these cells are thought to be involved in multimodal sensory integration. Extracellular in vivo ...

Background: Development of antibiotic resistance or multidrug (MDR) is one the major causes treatment failure bacterial infections and has rapidly evolved into a threat to global health care. Bacterial efflux pumps play significant role in development resistance. This study evaluates prevalence pump- mediated drug clinical isolates P. aeruginosa.Methods: Clinical (n=100) aeruginosa were collect...

Cartwheel cells are prominent interneurons in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) that bear considerable homology to cerebellar Purkinje cells. They contact other cartwheel cells as well as fusiform cells, the principal cells of the DCN. In fusiform cells, the inhibition from cartwheel cells interacts with excitation mediated by granule cells and auditory nerve fibers, and shapes the output of th...

26 27 28 In the outer layers of the dorsal cochlear nucleus, a cerebellum-like structure in the 29 auditory brainstem, multimodal sensory inputs drive parallel fibers to excite both principal 30 (fusiform) cells and inhibitory cartwheel cells. Cartwheel cells, in turn, inhibit fusiform 31 cells and other cartwheel cells. At the microcircuit level, it is unknown how these circuit 32 components i...

The integrative contribution of cartwheel cells of the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) was assessed with intracellular recordings from anatomically identified cells. Recordings were made, in slices of the cochlear nuclei of mice, from 58 cartwheel cells, 22 fusiform cells, 3 giant cells, 5 tuberculoventral cells, and 1 cell that is either a superficial stellate or Golgi cell. Cartwheel cells can ...

Centrioles are small barrel-shaped structures that form centrosomes and cilia [1]. Centrioles assemble around a central cartwheel comprising the Sas-6 and Ana2/STIL proteins. The amino termini of nine Sas-6 dimers form a central hub of ∼12 nm radius from which nine dimer spokes radiate, placing the Sas-6 carboxyl termini at the outer edge of the ∼60 nm radius cartwheel [2]. Several centriole pr...