background: salmonella enterica serovar typhi (s. typhi) the cause of the acute febrile disease typhoid fever is the major public health problem in developing countries. asymptomatic carriers are the main sources of typhoid. the aim of this study was to investigate methods for isolation and identification of s. typhi in asymptomatic carriers. materials and methods: two hundred stool samples wer...

background: methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) is a common major human pathogen that causes hospital-acquired infections. characterization and typing of the staphylococcal cassette chromosome has led to a better understanding of mrsa infection cycle in hospital. the meca-associated hypervariable region size classifies mrsa isolates that colonized in nasal carriers. objectives: t...

background staphylococcus aureus (sa) is frequently found on normal human skin and mucous membranes. methicilline resistance s. aureus (mrsa) strains have spread in many hospital isolates world wide since 1970s. hospital personnel tend to have higher colonization rates than the general population. colonized residents and personnel are sources for dissemination of organism. materials and methods...

Over the last 40 years, evidence has accumulated to suggest the ubiquitous presence of infections with intracellular bacteria of the genus Chlamydia in different livestock species. Different methods to clinical specimens substantiated such widespread, but mostly clinically unapparent, presumably low-level infections. In this initial epidemiological study, we addressed the question of chlamydial...

this study was undertaken in order to ascertain the carrier rate of group a hemolytic streptococci in the throats of pupils in selected schools of tehran, and to evaluate the role of socio-economical factors on carrier state. during the period of six months, 7020 children and adolescents, aged 10 to 17, were studied. these pupils were visited at their schools and their socio-economical level wa...