2-Oxo-carotenoids, 2-Hydroxy-carotenoids, [uC]/?-Carotene, Metabolism, Stick Insects The carotenoids of the stick insect, Ectatosoma tiaratum, were studied by spectroscopic and chemical methods. The /?,/?-type pigments are /?,/?-carotene, /?,/?-caroten-2-one, /?,/?-caroten-2-ol, /?,/?-carotene-2,2'-dione, 2'-hydroxy-/?,/?-caroten-2-one, ß,^-carotene-2,2'-diol, 3,4-didehydro-/?,/?carotene-2,2'-d...

The monohydroxy carotenoid from the moth Cerura vinula has been shown to be /?,/?-caroten-2-ol on the basis of electronic, infrared, proton magnetic-resonance, and mass spectra. On acid treat­ ment in the presence of molecular oxygen this carotenoid is dehydrogenated to 4',5-retro-ß,ßcaroten-2-one. The identification of /?„/?-caroten-2-ol by its retro product, its time course of acetylation, an...

Six novel keto carotenoids have been isolated from the stick insect. The structure of the pre­ dominant red pigment has been assigned to 3,4,3',4'-tetradehydro-/?,/?-carotene-2,2'-dione on the basis of electronic, infrared, and mass spectra. Minor pigments are 3,4-didehydro-/?,^-carotene-2,2'dione, 2'-hydroxy-3,4-didehydro-/?,/?-caroten-2-one, and 2'-hydroxy-/?,/?-caroten-2-one. Two other com­ ...

Two major carotenoids of the stick insect were reinvestigated and shown to be /?,/?-caroten-2-ol and /?,/?-carotene-2,2'-diol and not isocryptoxanthin (/?,/?-caroten-4-ol) and isozeaxanthin (/?,/?-carotene-4,4'-diol). Both pigments are esterified with fatty acids. The identification is based on cochromatography with authentic 2-, 3and 4-isomers of the monoand dihydroxy pigment, mass spectra, an...

The ultrafast internal conversion (IC) dynamics of the carbonyl carotenoid 12'-apo-beta-caroten-12'-al has been investigated in solvents of varying polarity using time-resolved femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. The molecules were excited to the S(2) state by a pump beam of either 390 or 470 nm. The subsequent intramolecular dynamics were detected at several probe wavelengths coveri...

the present research was aimed to study the effects of different sources of carotenoids and their varying concentrations on the reproductive functions of goldfish. the study was carried out in seven treatments with three replicates at the bony fish hatchery complex (rasht, iran) from december 2011 to may 2012. experimental diets containing 50, 100, and 150 mg kg-1 astaxanthin and 50, 100, and 1...