In this model, insurance offering a choice of hospitals is valued because consumers are uncertain which hospital they will prefer ex post. A competitive insurance market facilitates tacit price collusion between hospitals; high margins induce hospitals to compete for customers through overinvestment in quality. Incentives may exist to lock in market share via managed-care plans with less choice...

providing financial resources in a justly manner in health care system means, that paying health care services by patients must be based on their financial ability and not by severity of their condition or danger of their disease. in a fair health care system, protection of all patients in term of their financial ability has been predicted. on the other hand, exponential increases in cost of he...

Medicare managed care enrollment growth points to the need to develop an approach for monitoring access to care for the increasing number of beneficiaries who use these arrangements. This article describes the issues to be addressed in designing a system for monitoring managed care plan enrollees' ability to obtain needed medical care on a timely basis. We review components of the monitoring ap...