The interstitial fluid of the human myocardium was monitored in 13 patients undergoing aortic valve and/or bypass surgery before, during, and after hypothermic potassium cardioplegia. The regulation of glucose and lactate was studied after sampling with microdialysis. The following questions were addressed. 1). Is the rate of transcapillary diffusion the limiting step for myocardial uptake of g...

UNLABELLED The effects of high-volume cardioplegia on the presence of small-amplitude electrical activity during cardioplegia arrest were investigated in 19 mongrel dogs. The animals were randomly assigned to receive either high-volume crystalloid cardioplegia (HV-plege) or crystalloid cardioplegia guided by continuous electrical monitoring (V-plege). Cardiac index, left ventricular stroke work...

BACKGROUND The Na+/Ca2+ exchange inhibitor SEA0400 prevents myocardial injury in models of global ischemia and reperfusion. We therefore evaluated its potential as a cardioplegia additive. METHODS Isolated rat cardiomyocytes were exposed to hypoxia (45 min) followed by reperfusion. During hypoxia, cells were protected using cardioplegia with (n=25) or without (n=24) SEA0400 (1 μM), or were no...

The cannulation method and cardioplegia solution used during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may both influence plasma potassium concentrations ([K+]) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP). Bi-caval or right atrial cannulation methods are routinely used in conjunction with crystalloid or blood cardioplegia. We investigated the influence of cannulation method and cardioplegia solutions on plasma [...

Much controversy persists regarding the optimal techniques for myocardial protection during heart surgery. Numerous studies have compared warm cardioplegia with cold cardioplegia for myocardial preservation, but the outcomes were inconclusive. The aim of this meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) was to compare the beneficial and harmful effects of warm and cold cardioplegia duri...

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PURPOSE Intermittent cold crystalloid cardioplegia by antegrade route to arrest the heart for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a commonly used technique. The aim of this study is to compare the intermittent antegrade warm blood cardioplegia with cold crystalloid cardioplegia by means of measuring myocardial injury markers CKMB and troponin T. We also compared the results with antegrade...

Cardioplegic arrest for bypass surgery imposes global ischemia on the myocardium, which generates oxyradicals and depletes myocardial high-energy phosphates. The glycolytic metabolite pyruvate, but not its reduced congener lactate, increases phosphorylation potential and detoxifies oxyradicals in ischemic and postischemic myocardium. This study tested the hypothesis that pyruvate mitigates oxid...

Pyruvate-fortified cardioplegia protects myocardium and hastens postsurgical recovery of patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Pyruvate reportedly suppresses degradation of the alpha-subunit of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), an activator of the gene encoding the cardioprotective cytokine erythropoietin (EPO). This study tested the hypothesis that pyruvate-enriched cardioplegia ...