introduction accurate estimation of the skin-absorbed dose in external radiation therapy is essential to estimating the probability of secondary carcinogenesis induction materials and methods electron contamination in prostate radiotherapy was investigated using the monte carlo (mc) code calculation. in addition, field size dependence of the skin dose was assessed. excess cancer risk induced by...

background: we evaluated the efficacy of a simple belly-board device (bbd) designed and made in our department for reduction of small bowel inside the post-operative pelvic radiotherapy fields of rectal carcinomas. methods: a very simple bbd was designed and manufactured in our department. it was made of acrylic glass, and was 128 cm long, 40 cm wide, and 9 cm high, with a 25x25 cm square openi...

radiotherapy is one of the most common treatments of cancer that are used alone or with the combination of other treatments. radiotherapy are used before surgery for tumor shrinking, pain relief, wound healing or prevention of continues bleedings. in this paper, types of radiotherapy and safety principles for nurses are considered. there are three basic methods for radiotherapy: teletherapy, br...

breast cancer is the most common cancer in women after skin cancer. in iran, the presentation age of this cancer is younger than the global average. there are different therapeutic methods for treatment of breast cancer and the choice of treatment depends on the stage of the disease as well as its type and characteristics. therapeutic methods include surgery, radiotherapy, and systemic therapie...

background: much research has widely been conducted into thyroid hormones levels following radiotherapy for breast cancer. consequently, in this study, we evaluated to relate the rate of thyroid hormones levels with the dose distribution among breast cancer patients. material and methods: thirty patients were treated with 4-field breast cancer radiotherapy. the dose volume histograms, the volum...

background and aim: carcinoma of the uterine cervix is a significant cause of mortality because of malignancy in women. radiotherapy is a major treatment modality for invasive cervical cancer with good treatment outcome in early-stage patients. however, substantial treatment failures still occur in the advanced-stage patients. in this case report a long term follow up of a 58 years old woman wi...

abstractwe are reporting a 43-year-old female breast cancer case with a solitary metastatic adenocarcinoma in clivus. this patient with a stage ii (t1n1m0) breast cancer history has been followed for 7 years.  modified radical mastectomy (mrm) and 6 courses chemotherapy with cmf (cyclophosphamide, metotrexate, 5fu) regimen were done for her at the time of diagnosis. also, she took tamoxifen twe...

background: acute radiation dermatitis is a very common side effect of radiation therapy in large numbers of cancers including breast cancer. despite high prevalence rate of acute radiation dermatitis and also wet desquamation, a few trials on prophylaxis of this complication using topical treatment have been conducted. despite effectiveness of topical corticosteroids in treatment of acute radi...

background: stress and anxiety in cancer patients are caused by disease diagnosis, unfamiliar experiences, and therapy-related problems. in addition to the short duration of radiotherapy, receiving and understanding of the information about this treatment could be difficult for patients due to anxiety, fatigue, and mental pressure. training of cancer patients about radiotherapy via educational ...

introduction: breast cancer is the second most common cause of brain metastasis. although patient prognosis is poor, isolated brain metastasis occasionally can be an option for treatment with curative intent in breast cancer patients. case presentation: we report a patient with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast who developed an isolated right frontal lobe metastasis within 5 months of fin...