there is growing evidence indicating that neuronal calcium channels play an important role in the mechanism of morphine dependence. in this study, the effects of acute and chronic administration of nitrendipine on naloxone precipitated morphine withdrawal signs were investigated. mice were rendered dependent to morphine by subcutaneous injection of morphine over a period of 5 days. in chronic s...

Quantum chemical (MNDo)caleulations have beenused toelucidate the molecular properties and structure - activity relationships of dihydropyridine (DHP) type calcium antagonists. There is a good corielation between the net atomic charges on various atoms of the 4 - phenyl ring of dihydropyridines and pharmacological activity. .Also, activity decreases with increasing free rotation of the phen...

To evaluate the effects of calcium antagonists on sympathetic activity in hypertensive patients, a MEDLINE search for English language articles published between 1975 and May 1996 using the terms calcium antagonists, sympathetic nervous system, and catecholamines was conducted. Clinical studies only reporting the effects of calcium antagonists on blood pressure, heart rate, and plasma norepinep...

There is growing evidence indicating that neuronal calcium channels play an important role in the mechanism of morphine dependence. In this study, the effects of acute and chronic administration of nitrendipine on naloxone precipitated morphine withdrawal signs were investigated. Mice were rendered dependent to morphine by subcutaneous injection of morphine over a period of 5 days. In chronic s...

Although calcium antagonists are used as a first-line antihypertensive agent, controversy attends the renal microvascular effects of calcium antagonists. Since calcium antagonists elicit predominant vasodilation of the afferent arteriole, they might ostensibly aggravate glomerular hypertension. Recently, novel types of calcium antagonists have been developed, some of which are reported to dilat...

Some 100 European cardiologists discussed calcium antagonists' role in the management of stable angina. Sixty-two percent of those involved used calcium antagonists rather than beta-blockers as first line therapy; 46% were prepared to use calcium antagonists in patients who had had a myocardial infarction more than 6 months previously. Only one tenth would use calcium antagonists in angina pati...