OBJECTIVE To report common traffic violations in bus drivers and the factors that influence those violations in urban China. METHODS We conducted an observational study to record three types of traffic violations among bus drivers in Changsha City, China: illegal stopping at bus stations, violating traffic light signals, and distracted driving. The behaviors of bus drivers on 32 routes (20% o...

Abstract Due to its increased popularity, public transport has grown considerably, which resulted in more lines that are operated with higher frequencies. As a result, the current bus stations located strategic places like city centers serve as hub becoming too small. If there is no space enlarge station, then usually best option create second station close-by. This raises problem of distributi...

We assume that the bus has q seats and that the number of passengers does not exceed q. Suppose that the route consists of N segments and that the bus stop only at the beginning of the route and at the stations located at the end of each segment. Passengers board the bus or get off from it only at the stations. Let us denote by ξ2n−1 (n = 1, 2, . . . , N) the number of passengers in the bus alo...

The traditional urban public transport system generally cannot provide an effective access service for people with disabilities, especially for disabled, wheelchair and blind (DWB) passengers. In this paper, based on advanced information & communication technologies (ICT) and green technologies (GT) concepts, a dedicated public urban transportation service access system named Mobi+ has been int...

The IEEE 802.6 Standard Distributed Queue Dual Bus (DQDB)for Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN) has been proposed. It is based on a uni-directional twin bus architecture. The DQDB protocol lays more emphasis on the overall channel utilization than the fair sharing of channel bandwidth by all the stations. In this paper, we first describe the unfairness problem in which the upstream stations occup...

All versions of the General Motors Manufacturing Automation Protocol (GM MAP) specify that MAP’S lower layer services are to be provided by the IEEE 802.4 token bus. An understanding of 802.4 and its performance aspects is therefore prerequisite to predicting the performance of MAP. We show how total bus capacity is divided among data throughput, token traffic, and propagation delays. We show t...

Travel and transportation are seen as a necessity for our society an essential component of social, economic environmental development. In order to control the use cars, especially in city centre, urban planners researchers currently considering question interaction between public transport station, train station city. Supported by development improvement networks, their importance is vital red...

This paper presents a limited-stop service for a bus fleet to meet the unbalanced demand of passengers on a bus route and to improve the transit service of the bus route. This strategy includes two parts: a degree assessment of unbalanced passenger demand and an optimization of the limited-stop service. The degree assessment of unbalanced passenger demand, which is based on the different passen...

On the basis of the analysis of the statistical data of bus transport networks of three major cities in China, we propose a novel evolution model of the bus transport network, which applies the strategy of random walk based on direction constrain matrix on two-dimensional grid and the mechanism of combining the geographical-close stations. We investigate some static properties, which include th...