qasim‘ali qayinis manaz?ir wa maraya, that has written in 11th century a.h./18th a.d., is one of the last works in muslim’s tradition of optical writings. in this work, qayini? has defined the scope of ‘ilm-i- manaz?ir and has referred some predecessor like euclid and kindi. moreover he proceeds popular topics in optical works like reflection and refraction of light, burning tools, rainbow, the...

This paper reviews existing studies and investigates thermal operational regimes of diamond bit during drilling operations. The operating temperature of the diamond core drill is studied under bench condition and an optimal thermal range are presented. Based on this study, it was noted that glazing of diamond tools is observed at temperatures less than 327°C, and normal wear of diamond tools is...

statement of the problem burning mouth syndrome (bms) is a condition presented with burning sensation without any pathologic changes of oral mucosa. since there are no accurate diagnostic criteria and because symptoms are so variable the studies have shown different prevalence. limited studies have been performed to estimate prevalence, of bms in iran and worldwide. purpose this research was co...

background: the self-burning is one of the most painful methods of suicide. self-burning was performed influenced by various factors. this study is aimed to study self-burning event within women of javanrood and ravansar cities in kermanshah province and demographic characteristics of unsuccessful victims. methods: this study was a survey – descriptive. research area is javanrood and ravansar c...

conclusions based on the results of the present study, patients with bms had sleep disorders, which should be considered in the clinical evaluation and treatment planning of these patients. results the mean age of the subjects in the bms and control groups were 49.9 ± 11 and 48.5 ± 8.3 years, respectively. the prevalence rates of sleep disorders in the bms and control groups were 78% and 38.7%,...

Burnt lithic artefacts are regularly discarded from microwear analyses, causing a bias in the functional interpretation of prehistoric sites. This is especially true when burnt lithics numerous as typically case on Mesolithic sites Northern Belgium. stone potentially hold information regarding functional, spatial, and social organisation site. Therefore, investigating impact burning tools, pres...

Background Prescribed fire is a land management tool used extensively across the United States. Owing to health and safety risks, smoke emitted by burns requires appropriate management. Smoke modelling tools are often mitigate air pollution impacts. However, direct comparisons of tools’ predictions lacking.Aims We compared three commonly plan prescribed burning projects: Simple Screening Tool, ...