scour around bridge piers is one of the most important fields of hydraulic research. local scour around bridge piers and abutment is one of the main reasons of bridge failures. in the field of scour at the bridges, researches are more focus on scour of piers in compare with abutment. while the available information on the bridge failures required cost, the major problems are related to abutment...

Observations of bridge abutment scour lead to a practical new approach for estimating realistic scour IIHR-Hydroscience and Engineering depths at bridge abutments. Prior design approaches usually led to unrealistically deep estimates of abutment scour depth. The observations presented stem from flume experiments conducted with abutments with approach embankments subject to a range of erodibilit...

Continuous rigid frame bridge is a common type of bridge in California, where is a seismically active areas. Main structural features of the bridge, including asymmetry, hinge structure, concretion of girder and piers affect the seismic response of the bridge significantly. In order to evaluate the safety of the bridge under earthquake, the nonlinear models of girder, limiting steels in hinge, ...

most previous laboratory studies of local scour at bridge abutments were performed in rectangular channels in which the distributions of flow velocity and bed shear stress were considered uniform in the transverse direction. in reality however, bridge abutments are usually located in the floodplain zone of rivers where velocity and shear stress distributions are directly affected by the lat...

AIM The aim was to examine the technical quality of root fillings and periapical status of root-filled and nonroot-filled teeth restored with crowns and bridge retainers through a retrospective analysis of orthopantomographs (OPTGs) in an adult Turkish subpopulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the digital OPTGs of adult patients between the ages of 20 and 70 who appealed to the Endo...

 Integral bridges are gaining increased popularity because of both economic and fast construction associated with the omission of bearing supports and expansion joints. In the present study the cyclic earth pressure behind integral bridge abutments under traffic surcharges are investigated and compared with that induced behind the abutment of  conventional bridges (with isolated deck and abutme...

Local scour around bridge abutment is a common problem encountered worldwide. Extensive laboratory and field studies have been carried out in this field and the equations derived so far are applicable to particular circumstances only. This paper presents an alternative to the empirical equations for Prediction of Local Scour at Vertical Bridge Abutment in the form of genetic programming (GP). T...