postdate pregnancy is estimated to occur in 3% to 12% of all gestations. morbidity and mortality rates associated with this common obstetric problem are higher than those with term gestation. the incidence of fetal distress, birth injury, meconium aspiration, congenital malformations, macrosomia, and oligohydramnios is also greater in postdate pregnancies. we prospectively evaluated breast self...

Postdate pregnancy is estimated to occur in 3% to 12% of all gestations. Morbidity and mortality rates associated with this common obstetric problem are higher than those with term gestation. The incidence of fetal distress, birth injury, meconium aspiration, congenital malformations, macrosomia, and oligohydramnios is also greater in postdate pregnancies. We prospectively evaluated breast ...

Background: establishing a regular respiratory condition in the infants is one of the basic considerations in NICU.  Newborns show noticeable breath alterations in response to even low concentrations of some fragrance. Aim: determining the effect of breast milk odor on oxygen saturation and respiratory rate in premature infants. Methods: In this four-group randomized clinical trial, 180 prematu...

OBJECTIVES This preliminary study aimed to 1) determine changes in the salivary oxytocin (OT) level during breast stimulation for promoting the spontaneous onset of labor in low-risk term pregnancies, and 2) clarify the feasibility of the breast stimulation intervention protocol in terms of practicality and acceptability. METHODS We used a single arm trial design. Sixteen low-risk pregnant wo...

Background: The organochlorine DDT has estrogenic activity but the mechanism underlying the estrogenic activity of this pesticide remains unclear. In the present investigation here, we studied the transcriptional effects of a synthetic organochlorine pesticide o,p’-DDT [1.1.1.-trichloro-2-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-p-chloriphenyl ethane] and its metabolite p,p'-DDE (2-2-bis(4/chlorophenyl)-1-1-di...

background: the organochlorine ddt has estrogenic activity but the mechanism underlying the estrogenic activity of this pesticide remains unclear. in the present investigation here, we studied the transcriptional effects of a synthetic organochlorine pesticide o,p’-ddt [1.1.1.-trichloro-2-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-p-chloriphenyl ethane] and its metabolite p,p'-dde (2-2-bis(4/chlorophenyl)-1-1-dic...

Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy among women under 50. Improvements in diagnosis and treatment have yielded an important decrease in mortality in the last 20 years. In many cases, chemotherapy and radiotherapy develop side effects on the reproductive function. Therefore, before the anti-cancer treatment impairs fertility, clinicians should offer some techniques for fertility prese...

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy diagnosed in women in the United States. Many breast cancer survivors are concerned that cancer treatment will compromise their reproductive potential. Despite this concern, most women receive limited information addressing preservation of fertility before initiating adjuvant chemotherapy. Historically, the supraphysiologic levels of estrogens associa...

Premature thelarche in later childhood (such as at 5-7 yr of age) is not always easy to distinguish from GnRH-dependent precocious puberty. In this study, a GnRH stimulation test was performed on 21 girls from 5 to 7.5 yr of age with early breast development. In 8 of 11 girls within 1 yr after thelarche, i.e., breast development, the GnRH stimulation test showed a prepubertal response, and in a...