Biomass, mainly in the form of wood, is the oldest form of energy used by humans. Gasification is a process of conversion of solid carbonaceous fuel into combustible gas by partial combustion. In the present study, a model developed by us in our earlier study is used for predicting the steady-state composition and rate of reaction profiles for the reduction zone of the downdraft biomass gasifie...

Introduction: The formation environment of TiCcore, graphitic-mantle spherules was calculated after their discovery in acid residues derived from the Murchison carbonaceous meteorite [1]. The graphitic spherules including metal carbide crystals such as TiC were identified as presolar grains from their isotopic content and assumed to form within the circumstellar envelopes of carbon-rich asympto...

The effect of varying the CO-CO2 and CO2-N2 ratios was investigated in the presence of coal in a specially designed 3-electrode setup, used to simulate the anode compartment in a hybrid direct carbon fuel cell (HDCFC). The HDCFC consists of a hybrid between a molten carbonate and a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). It was shown that the cell performance improved with increased CO2 content in the CO...

The steam−carbon reaction, which is the essential reaction of the gasification processes of carbon-based feed stocks (e.g., coal and biomass), produces synthesis gas (H2 + CO), a synthetically flexible, environmentally benign energy source. The reaction is very endothermic, which mandates high temperatures and a large expenditure of energy to drive the reaction. We have found that using microwa...