The overall control of the quality of botanical drugs starts from the botanical raw material, continues through preparation of the botanical drug substance and culminates with the botanical drug product. Chromatographic and spectroscopic fingerprinting has been widely used as a tool for the quality control of herbal/botanical medicines. However, discussions are still on-going on whether a singl...

Natural product drugs, or botanical drugs, are drugs composed of natural substances which have constituents with healthenhancing or medicinal activities. In Korea, government-led projects brought attention to botanical drugs invigorating domestic botanical drug industry. Foreign markets, as well, are growing bigger as the significance of botanical drugs stood out. To follow along with the tende...

In herbalism, botanical supplements are commonly believed to be safe remedies, however, botanical supplements and dietary ingredients interact with transport and metabolic processes, affecting drug disposition. Although a large number of studies have described that botanical supplements interfere with drug metabolism, the mode of their interaction with drug transport processes is not well descr...

BACKGROUND Topical remedies based on botanical ingredients are popular. OBJECTIVES To assess: (i) the usage of botanical substances in subjects affected with itching and chronic vulvar complaints; (ii) the incidence of side-effects associated with their use and the frequency of contact allergy; (iii) the diagnostic usefulness of patch testing. METHODS Sixty-six patients were provided with a...

Many health benefits are associated with a high dietary intake of vegetables and fruit (VF); however, little effort has been expended to determine whether the botanical families from which high-VF diets are formulated affect their biological activities. The objective of this study was to determine whether the botanical diversity of high-VF diets alters the response in oxidative biomarkers for l...

Whether they are being taken as dietary supplements by the general public or being evaluated in a clinical study, the authenticity of botanical products is a matter of paramount concern. Botanical specimens and the dietary supplements derived from them can vary in quality and in chemical constituent profiles because of a number of factors. Subtle variations in botanical specimens are known to h...

1064 Identification of Articles of Botanical Origin by High-Performance ThinLayer Chromatography Procedure. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) is widely used for botanical identification. Variability of the chromatographic conditions has the potential to significantly impact the results. This informational general chapter describes, with illustrations, the need to control the re...

Because botanical taxonomies are prototypical classifications it would seem that it should be easy to formalize them as concept lattices or type hierarchies. On closer inspection, however, one discovers that such a formalization is quite challenging to obtain. First, botanical taxonomies consist of several interrelated hierarchies, such as a specimen-based plant typology, a name hierarchy and a...

Ratcheting surfaces are a common motif in nature and appear in plant awns and grasses. They are known to proffer selective advantages for seed dispersion and burial. In two simple model experiments, we show that these anisotropically toothed surfaces naturally serve as motion rectifiers and generically move in a unidirectional manner, when subjected to temporally and spatially symmetric excitat...