the council directive 2000/75/ec lays down controlling rules and measures to contrast and to eradicate bluetongue disease, including rules on the establishment of protection and surveillance zones and the use of vaccines against bluetongue. in the past years, only sporadic incursions of certain serotypes of the bluetongue virus were recorded in eu. however, after the adoption of the directive, ...

Aim: Bluetongue is a non-contagious, infectious viral disease of domestic and wild ruminants; which is believed to have originated in Africa. The epidemiology of Bluetongue virus infection is poorly defined in many parts of the world, including a wide range of Asia and the Middle East. This paper reports the results of a Bluetongue serological survey in sheep from some provinces of Iran during ...

BACKGROUND Bluetongue virus causes febrile disease in sheep and a fatal hemorrhagic infection in North American White-tailed deer. However, in cattle the disease is typically asymptomatic and no clinical overt disease is associated with bluetongue infection. Bluetongue virus activity has been detected in Khartoum, Sennar and South Darfur states of the Sudan. Currently, no information is availab...

EKSTEEN, P. A . L. & HUISMAN S, H. Interferon induction by bluetongue virus and bluetongue virus ribonucleic acid. Onderstep oort]. vet . R es. 39(3), 125-132 (1972). The stimulation of interferon synthesis by bluetongue virus and by bluetongue virus ribonucleic acid was investigated in order to determine if there is a difference in the mechanism of induction. The molecular mass of the interfer...

This is a report of the complete genome sequences of plaque-selected isolates of each of the five virus strains included in a South African commercial trivalent bluetongue virus (BTV) attenuated live virus vaccine, a BTV-4 field strain isolated from Rustenburg, South Africa, in 2011, and a bluetongue reassortant (bluetongue virus 4 strain 4/O. aries-tc/ZAF/11/OBP-115) isolated from experimental...

Bluetongue has emerged recently in Belgium. A bluetongue virus strain was isolated and characterized as serotype 8. Two new real-time reverse transcription-quantitative PCRs (RT-qPCRs) that amplified 2 different segments of bluetongue virus detected this exotic strain. These 2 RT-qPCRs detected infection earlier than a competitive ELISA for antibody detection.

herein, we presented the first report on bluetongue (bt) disease in 10 pregnant camels in a herd fromkerman province, iran. all sera samples were tested serologically (agid, c-elisa). we also used the razi-bk cell line, performed primary culture of ovine kidney and inoculated intravenously the embryonatedchicken eggs (ece) to culture and isolate the bt virus. efforts to culture and isolation of...

HUlSMANS, H . Bluetongue virus-induced interferon synthesis. Onderstepoort J. vet . Res., 36 (2), 18!-186, .1969. Bluetongue virus was found to induce interferon in mouse embryo (ME) cells and in mice. Different strains of bluetongue virus differed in their ability to induce interferon. Interferon production in ME cells commences after a 5 hour lag phase and the cells continue to produce in ter...

the objective of this study was to describe the seroprevalence rates of bluetongue virus (btv) in sheep in west and northwest provinces of iran. bluetongue virus, an economically important orbivirus of the reoviridae family, causes a hemorrhagic disease mainly in sheep and occasionally in cattle and some species of deer. bluetongue virus is transmitted between its mammalian hosts by certain spe...

The structure of the bluetongue virus core was recently reported and represents the largest structure determined to atomic resolution. As a biological machine capable of RNA transcription, the structure has immense biological significance.