conclusions cigarette smoking increased some periodontal indexes including pcr and cal, and reduced bop (p < 0.05). results there was not a significant difference in the prevalence of isolated microorganisms between the smokers and nonsmokers. however, the cigarette smoking group had adverse effect on other periodontal indices including pcr, cal, and bop. the mean pcr and cal were significantly...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Several risk factors contribute to periodontal diseases. Studying twins has helped increase our knowledge on the roles of genetic and environmental factors in periodontal diseases. The objective of this study was the evaluation of periodontal parameters in the twins of Khorasan Province, Iran. METHODS:...

statement of the problem subgingival irrigation with an antimicrobial agent after scaling and root planing (srp) is assumed to be able to kill the bacteria left behind after mechanical debridement. 3% h2o2 is used in the treatment of periodontal disease and it has been shown effective in killing anaerobic pathogens. purpose the aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effects of subgingiv...

statement of problem: fixed orthodontic appliances in the oral cavity make tooth cleaning procedures more complicated. objectives: this study aimed to compare the efficacy of computerized oral hygiene instruction with verbal technique among fixed orthodontic patients referred to the evening clinic of orthodontics of shiraz dental school. materials and methods: a single-blind study was performed...

background it seems that depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (dmpa) use can have an effect on a woman’s oral health, and cause periodontal changes in adult women. however, there is little research in this regard and consensus has not been reached in the literature. objectives this study aimed to investigate the association between dmpa injection and periodontal health in reproductive age women. m...

Background: Cigarette smoking is a significant risk factor for periodontal disease. It also causes pigmentation of oral mucosa. The present study was aimed to assess the effects of smoking on lip and gingival pigmentation and periodontal status and the relationship between pigmentation and periodontal parameters. Methods: A total of 109 smokers and an equal number of non-smoker controls (mean a...