B irooted primary canines have been reported only ia few times,1-5 are considered very rare, and have only been diagnosed following radiographic examination. In every report, the birooted teeth have been bilateral and involve the maxillary primary canines, with one report of additional involvement of the mandibular primary canines. There appears to be no sexual predilection, and all but one cas...

this report presents a rare case of bi-rooted primary maxillary canines. a 6-year-old girl presented at the department of pediatric dentistry, faculty of dentistry, mashhad university of medical sciences, iran, with the chief complaint of pain in the lower right quadrant of her dentition. radiographic examination revealed bifurcation of primary maxillary canine roots. this report discusses the ...

Süt dişlerinde daimi dişlerle karşılaştırıldığında boyut ve şekil anomalileri daha az görülür. Çift köklü süt kanin dişler ise çok nadir görülen bir dental anomalidir. Bu vaka raporunda iki vakada çift köklü maksiller süt kaninler bildirilmiştir. Her iki vakada da intraoral radyografik muayene sonucunda bilateral çift köklü maksiller süt kaninler olduğu görülmüştür. Radyograflarda belirgin mezi...

In this paper, we study the languages of labeled finite birooted trees: Munn’s birooted trees extended with vertex labeling. We define a notion of finite state birooted tree automata that is shown to capture the class of languages that are upward closed w.r.t. the natural order and definable in Monadic Second Order Logic. Then, relying on the inverse monoid structure of labeled birooted trees, ...

With an aim to developing expressive language theoretical tools applicable to inverse semigroup languages, that is, subsets of inverse semigroups, this paper explores the language theory of finite labeled birooted trees: Munn’s birooted trees extended with vertex labeling. To this purpose, we define a notion of finite state birooted tree automata that simply extends finite state word automata s...

Walking automata, be they running over words, trees or even graphs, possibly extended with pebbles that can be dropped and lifted on vertices, have long been defined and studied in Computer Science. However, questions concerning walking automata are surprisingly complex to solve. In this paper, we study a generic notion of walking automata over graphs whose semantics naturally lays within inver...

A rare case of birooted primary maxillary central incisor is reported. A 5-year-old male patient reported with carious maxillary primary anterior teeth. Radiographic examination incidentally revealed root bifurcation in primary maxillary central incisors bilaterally. This represents a rare finding. There are few cases that have reported birooted permanent incisors, but there is no case reported...

In this paper, we study languages of birooted trees or, following Scheiblich-Munn’s theorem, subsets of free inverse monoids. Extending the classical notion of rational languages with a projection operator that maps every set of birooted trees to the subset of its idempotent elements it is first shown that the hierarchy induced by the nesting depth of that projection operator simply correspond ...

Congenital morphological dental alterations are related to the physiological phase of tooth development. Since the etiology of the dens invaginatus and supernumerary roots has yet to be fully determined, a rare presentation of dens invaginatus in a primary molar and a birooted deciduous maxillary canine were incidentally detected in routine radiographic examinations. Essential clinical consider...

Congenital morphological dental alterations are related to the physiological phase of tooth development. Since the etiology of the dens invaginatus and supernumerary roots has yet to be fully determined, a rare presentation of dens invaginatus in a primary molar and a birooted deciduous maxillary canine were incidentally detected in routine radiographic examinations. Essential clinical consider...