receptors and proteins are overexpressed in many human cancer cell membranes rather than normal tissues and are considered as the main molecular targets. specific tumor- targeting molecules which have high affinity for these receptors can be valuable tools as carrier molecules for targeted cancer therapy and imaging. pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of diagnostic and therapeutic agents are ...

This paper proposes to explore the possibility of molecular communication as a solution for communication between nanomachines. Nanomachines are artificial or biological nano-scale devices that perform simple computation, sensing, or actuation. Molecular communication provides a mechanism for nanomachines to communicate over a short distance (adjacent nanomachines to tens of micrometers) using ...

A common approach for building a drug delivery system is to incorporate the drug within the nanocarrier that results in increased solubility, metabolic stability, and improved circulation time. However, recent developments indicate that selection of polymer nanomaterials can implement more than only inert carrier functions by being biological response modifiers. One representative of such mater...

This paper describes research challenges in Molecular Communication, a new communication paradigm inspired by biological systems. Molecular communication allows biological and artificially-created nanomachines to communicate over a short distance using molecules. In molecular communication, a sender nanomachine encodes information onto molecules (information molecules). Information molecules th...

Introduction The facilitated transport of ions and polar molecules across biological membranes is essential for normal cell function and is also a major objective in the rapidly growing field of drug delivery. Researchers strive to simulate naturally occurring channel-forming proteins or carrier molecules. The resultant compounds may utilize endogenous peptide sequences or may be novel organic ...

Functionalized carbon nanotubes (f-CNT) are emerging as a new family of nanovectors for the delivery of different types of therapeutic molecules. The application of CNT in the field of carrier-mediated delivery has become possible after the recent discovery of their capacity to penetrate into the cells. CNT can be loaded with active molecules by forming stable covalent bonds or supramolecular a...

Nanobiotechnology is the assembling of biological molecules into nanodimension complexes. This has been used for the preparation of polyhemoglobin formed by the assembling of hemoglobin molecules into a soluble nanodimension complex. New generations of this approach include the nanobiotechnological assembly of hemoglobin, catalase, and superoxide dismutase into a soluble nanodimension complex. ...

Interest in extracellular RNA (exRNA) has intensified as evidence accumulates that these molecules may be useful as indicators of a wide variety of biological conditions. To establish specific exRNA molecules as clinically relevant biomarkers, reproducible recovery from biological samples and reliable measurements of the isolated RNA are paramount. Toward these ends, careful and rigorous compar...