SnCl4/nano-sawdust was prepared as a carbohydrate-based catalyst containing of tin bearing cellulose units. The catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The catalyst was applied successfully as a readily available, inexpensive, biodeg...

cellulose sulfuric acid as a bio-polymer based solid catalyst efficiently catalyzes the selectively oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides and thiols to disulfides using hydrogen peroxide as a green oxidant with good yields at room temperature. the developed method offers a number of advantages such as high selectivity, mild reaction conditions, simple operation, cleaner reaction profiles, low cos...

Tar and char can be regarded as unwanted byproducts during the gasification process. In this study, three types of catalyst, i.e., biomass char (bio-char), nickel supported on biomass (Ni+bio-char), and nickel supported on bio-char (bio-char+Ni), were studied to compare the catalytic effects of different preparation methods on tar model compound removal. The structural characteristics of the th...

Pyrolysis of Alcea pallida stems was performed in a fixed-bed tubular reactor with and without catalyst at three different temperatures. The effects of pyrolysis parameters including temperature and catalyst on the product yields were investigated. It was found that higher temperature resulted in lower liquid (bio-oil) and solid (bio-char) yields and higher gas yields. Catalysts had different e...

This study investigated catalytic microwave pyrolysis of Douglas fir sawdust pellets using carbon catalysts produced from corn stover. The effects of catalyst to biomass ratio on the bio-oil, syngas, and biochar yields were determined. Functional groups (carbonyls, phenolics, lactones, carboxyls) of carbon catalysts and GC/MS analysis were used to study the catalytic pyrolysis of Douglas fir sa...

The bio-based substrate and target product 2,5-bishydroxymethylfuran (BHMF) demonstrated to influence the reaction kinetics in the homogeneous reduction of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) catalyzed by the Ru-based Shvo's catalyst. A combined experimental and computational study supports an important role of the -CH2OH moiety which may be involved in the catalytic cycle toward the formation of dif...

While precious metals are available to a very limited extent, there is an increasing demand to use them as catalyst. This is also true for palladium (Pd) catalysts and their sustainable recycling and production are required. Since Pd catalysts exist nowadays mostly under the form of nanoparticles, these particles need to be produced in an environment-friendly way. Biological synthesis of Pd nan...