The pH of the gastrointestinal tract can have profound influences on digestive processes. Rodents exhibit wide variation in both stomach morphology and dietary strategies, both of which may influence gut pH. Various rodent species have evolved bilocular (or semi-segmented) stomachs that may allow for more microbial growth compared to unilocular (single-chambered) stomachs. Additionally, herbivo...

Zenker’s diverticulum is an outpouching of the esophageal mucosa through the cricopharyngeal muscle at the Killian triangle [1]. Endoscopically, the bridge of pseudodiverticulum sits between the esophageal lumen and the pouch and consists of mucosa, submucosa and muscle [2]. Th e rationale is to ablate the septum as much as possible and to open the pouch. A 64-year-old male was referred to our ...

Pericardial cysts classically are found in the right or left cardiophrenic angle and rarely are located outside of this location. An 82-year-old man presented with an asymptomatic cystic mass on chest CT-scan located in the upper right mediastinum and measuring 7 x 6 x 4 cm. A follow-up chest CT-scan 12 months later showed that the cyst had increased in size to where it now measured 10 x 9 x 8 ...