background: the pathogenesis of gestational trophoblastic disease (gtd) is not clearly known. objective: in this study, immunoexpression of proteins bcl-2 and beclin-1 in trophoblastic lesions and normal trophoblastic tissue was conducted to study the mechanism of apoptotic and autophagic cell death that is expected to complete the study of gtd pathogenesis. materials and methods: bcl-2 and bec...

BACKGROUND Beclin 1 and Beclin 2 are autophagy-related proteins that show similar amino acid sequences and domain structures. Beclin 1 established the first connection between autophagy and cancer. However, the role of Beclin 2 in cancer is unclear. The aims of this study were to analyze Beclin 1 and Beclin 2 expressions in oral cancer tissues and in cell lines, and to evaluate their possible r...

Aim: To examine the effects of gallic acid (GA) in stomach rats undergoing intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) with Beclin -1 immunostaining.
 Material-Metod: 24 male Wistar albino were divided into control, IR and IR+GA groups. For protocol, 60 minutes ischemia reperfusion applied. The small intestines control group removed by laparotomy abdomen was closed without applying anything else....

Deficiency of autophagy protein beclin 1 is implicated in tumorigenesis and neurodegenerative diseases, but the molecular mechanism remains elusive. Previous studies showed that Beclin 1 coordinates the assembly of multiple VPS34 complexes whose distinct phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase III (PI3K-III) lipid kinase activities regulate autophagy at different steps. Recent evidence suggests a functio...

Beclin 1, a subunit of the class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, is a tumour suppressor with a central role in endocytic trafficking, cytokinesis and the cross-regulation between autophagy and apoptosis. Interestingly, not only reduced expression but also overexpression of Beclin 1 is correlated with cancer development and metastasis. Thus it seems necessary for the cell to balance t...

The biochemical properties of beclin 1 suggest a role in two fundamentally important cell biological pathways: autophagy and apoptosis. We show here that beclin 1-/- mutant mice die early in embryogenesis and beclin 1+/- mutant mice suffer from a high incidence of spontaneous tumors. These tumors continue to express wild-type beclin 1 mRNA and protein, establishing that beclin 1 is a haploinsuf...

Beclin 1, a protein essential for autophagy, regulates autophagy by interacting with Vps34 and other cofactors to form the Beclin 1 complex. Modifications of Beclin 1 may lead to the induction, inhibition or fine-tuning of the autophagic response under a variety of conditions. Here we show that Beclin 1 is acetylated by p300 and deacetylated by SIRT1 at lysine residues 430 and 437. In addition,...

BACKGROUND The Beclin 1 gene binds to the apoptosis-inhibiting protein Bcl-2. The expression and function of the Beclin 1 gene in four colorectal cancer cell lines (HT29, DLD-1, SW480, SW620) was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of Beclin 1 mRNA was examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the cell growth rate of a stable cell line established af...

Autophagy can be tumor suppressive as well as promotive in regulation of tumorigenesis and disease progression. Accordingly, the prognostic significance of autophagy key regulator Beclin 1 was varied among different tumors. Here, we detected the clinicopathological and prognostic effect of Beclin 1 in the subtypes of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC...