conclusions our results show the presence of clonal groups of enterotoxin-producing mrsa strains in this hospital in tehran. the presence of bacteriophage encoded virulence factors and resistance to oxacillin enable bacteria to produce a broad spectrum range of diseases. results out of the 279 s. aureus isolates, 91 (32.6%) strains were confirmed as mrsa. totally, 6 enterotoxin and 2 virulence ...

conclusions these findings illustrated the presence and persistence of clonal groups of mrsa strains, in chicken meat in isfahan, iran, that serve as reservoirs to disseminate bacteriophage encoded enterotoxin and virulence agents. results all 116 isolated mrsa strains were discriminated into seven php types consisting of seven common types (cts) and were positive for meca gene. all isolates ha...

abstract        typing of bacteria is an important part of epidemiological studies on nosocomial infections. bacterial identification methods have dramatically improved in recent years, which is mainly due to advancements in the field of molecular biotechnology. in many cases, molecular techniques have replaced phenotypic typing methods. currently, a wide range of bacterial typing techniques is...

A wide variety of bacterial typing systems are currently in use that vary greatly with respect to the effort required, cost, reliability and ability to discriminate between bacterial strains. No one technique is optimal for all forms of investigation. We discuss the desired level of discrimination and need for a biologic basis for grouping strains of apparently different types when using bacter...

conclusions the results of this study illustrated the persistence of resistant bacteria in the environment, and highlight the reservoir of resistance, associated with use of antibiotics, as feed additive in poultry production. results out of the 55 mrsa strains, all isolates were at least resistant to penicillin, 58% showed resistance to erythromycin and 55% were resistant to ciprofloxacin. on ...

A bacteriophage typing system is described for Salmonella infantis. Nine phages were selected, of which three were isolated from sewage and six from human feces. All except 7 of the 546 strains collected between 1974 and 1978 could be classified into 23 different phage types. The five most common phage types comprised 26, 13, 9, 9, and 9% of all strains, respectively. Strains from humans, anima...

Abstract We present a case of bacterial endocarditis with both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus , which based on typing, originated from two distinct clones. Such may be misinterpreted by microbiology lab automation to monoclonal multi-drug resistant while simple techniques will instantly reveal clonality.