background and objectives : dna molecular weight marker is widely used in molecular biology experiments incurring considerable costs on low-budget settings. materials and methods : here a pcr-supported procedure is described that uses 10 primer pairs targeting chromosomal dna from the harmless vaccinal bacillus anthracis sterne 34f2 strain as template. a single pcr protocol is used to reproduce...

In 1993, the Aum Shinrikyo cult aerosolized Bacillus anthracis spores over Kameido, Japan. Spore samples were obtained from the release site, cultured, and characterized by molecular genetic typing. The isolates were consistent with strain Sterne 34F2, which is used in Japan for animal prophylaxis against anthrax.

protection of animals immunized against bacillus anthracis is usually demonstrated by challenging with an appropriate dose of a strain of bacillus anthracis that is lethal to unvaccinated animals inoculated at the same time. in this study the protective efficacy in anthrax vaccine (34f2 sterne strain spore) was evaluated in sheep, goats and guinea pigs challenged with subcutaneous inoculation o...

  Protection of animals immunized against Bacillus anthracis is usually demonstrated by challenging with an appropriate dose of a strain of Bacillus anthracis that is lethal to unvaccinated animals inoculated at the same time. In this study the protective efficacy in anthrax vaccine (34F2 sterne strain spore) was evaluated in sheep, goats and guinea pigs challenged with subcutaneous inoculation...

Anthrax is a zoonotic disease caused by Bacillus anthracis spore-forming bacterium. Since it is primarily a disease of animals, the control in animals, and humans depend on the prevention in livestock, principally cattle, sheep, and goats. Most veterinary vaccines utilize the toxigenic, uncapsulated (pXO1+/pXO2-) B. anthracis strain 34F2 which affords protection through the production of neutra...

Anti-protective antigen antibody was reported to enhance macrophage killing of ingested Bacillus anthracis spores, but it was unclear whether the antibody-mediated macrophage killing mechanism was directed against the spore itself or the vegetative form emerging from the ingested and germinating spore. To address this question, we compared the killing of germination-proficient (gp) and germinat...

BACKGROUND Previous reports of site-directed deletion analysis on gamma (gamma)-phage lysin protein (PlyG) have demonstrated that removal of a short amino acid sequence in the C-terminal region encompassing a 10-amino acid motif (190LKMTADFILQ199) abrogates its binding activity specific to the cell wall of Bacillus anthracis. Whether short synthetic peptides representing the10-amino acid PlyG p...

During inhalational anthrax, Bacillus anthracis survives and replicates in alveolar macrophages, followed by rapid invasion into the host's bloodstream, where it multiplies to cause heavy bacteremia. B. anthracis must therefore defend itself from host immune functions encountered during both the intracellular and the extracellular stages of anthrax infection. In both of these niches, cationic a...

Lack of available iron is one of many environmental challenges that a bacterium encounters during infection and adaptation to iron starvation is important for the pathogen to efficiently replicate within the host. Here we define the transcriptional response of B. anthracis Sterne (34F(2)) to iron depleted conditions. Genome-wide transcript analysis showed that B. anthracis undergoes considerabl...