BACKGROUND Integrating hydrogen-producing bacteria with complementary capabilities, dark-fermentative bacteria (DFB) and photo-fermentative bacteria (PFB), is a promising way to completely recover bioenergy from waste biomass. However, the current coupled models always suffer from complicated pretreatment of the effluent from dark-fermentation or imbalance between dark and photo-fermentation, r...

To show that an adsorbing biofilm carrier (GAC) can be advantageous for atrazine bioremediation over a non-adsorbing carrier, fluidized bed (FB) reactors were operated under atrazine limiting concentrations using Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP as the atrazine degrading bacteria. The following interrelated subjects were investigated: 1) atrazine adsorption to GAC under conditions of atrazine partial...

The gift-exchange game is a form of sequential prisoner’s dilemma, developed by Fehr, Kirchsteiger, and Riedl (1993), and popularized in a series of papers by Ernst Fehr and co-authors. While the European studies typically feature a high degree of gift exchange, the few U.S. studies provide some conflicting results. We find that the degree of gift exchange is surprisingly sensitive to an appare...

Andres Hernandez 1,2,*, Adriano Desideri 2, Clara Ionescu 1, Robin De Keyser 1, Vincent Lemort 2 and Sylvain Quoilin 2 1 Department of Electrical Energy, Systems and Automation, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; [email protected] (C.I.); [email protected] (R.D.K.) 2 Thermodynamics Laboratory, University of Liege, Campus du Sart Tilman B49, 4000 Liege, Belgium; adesideri@...

We examine self-control problems — modeled as time-inconsistent, presentbiased preferences—in a model where a person must do an activity exactly once. We emphasize two distinctions: Do activities involve immediate costs or immediate rewards, and are people sophisticated or naive about future self-control problems? Naive people procrastinate immediate-cost activities and preproperate—do too soon...

Loss Aversion and Labor Supply In many occupations workers’ labor supply choices are constrained by institutional rules regulating labor time and effort provision. This renders explicit tests of the neoclassical theory of labor supply difficult. Here we present evidence from studies examining labor supply responses in “neoclassical environments” in which workers are free to choose when and how ...

OBJECTIVES To analyse major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotypes in Mexican mestizo patients with seronegative spondyloarthropathies (SSpA) and normal controls, to discover if there are other antigens, besides B27, in the HLA region that might show association with the disease. METHODS The study included 100 Mexican mestizo patients with SSpA and 200 of their first degree relatives. Th...

Good decision-making often requires people to perceive and handle a myriad of statistical correlations. Notably, optimal portfolio theory depends upon a sophisticated understanding of the correlation among financial assets. In this paper, we examine people’s understanding of correlation using a sequence of portfolio-allocation problems and find it to be strongly imperfect. Our experiment uses p...