N NITROSOBIS (2 OXOPROPYL) AMINE (NBOP), a postulated 3-metabolite of di-n-propyl-nitrosamine, has been found to be a potent carcinogen in different species of animals (Pour et al., 1977a; Rao & Pour, 1978; Pour et al., 1979). In hamsters, a single or repeated s.c. administration of NBOP (Pour et al., 1977a, 1978) is reported to cause a high incidence of pancreatic ductal tumours. Because of th...

with regard to the evidences of the rule, what is inferred from the qur’an and the tradition (sunna) about the matter of authority over possessions, is the impermissibility of other’s invasion of human self, which is totally unrelated to the assertion of one’s authority over oneself. the realm and the quality of human’s authority over his own organs are not known to the wise, as the relevant po...

May-June 2012 To the Editor: In the SeptemberOctober 2011 issue, Daniel Groll addresses the question of what health care providers can know about patients’ interests (“What Health Care Providers Know”). He offers helpful refinements to my claim in Patient, Heal Thyself (Oxford, 2008) that generally health providers cannot know what serves patient interests. I am honored that a careful student o...

The authority of a leader is enhanced when her commands or recommendations for action are obeyed. The authority of a leader is also enhanced when her commands are "principled" based on good reasons and therefore the leader is seen to be acting in the interests of her followers. But for a leader interested in maintaining her authority, there is often a con ict between these strategies. For examp...

This paper presents a comparative study of forest management across four countries in East Africa and Latin America: Kenya, Uganda, Bolivia, and Mexico. It focuses on one question: Do varying proportions of women (low, mixed, high) in forest user groups influence their likelihood of adopting forest resource enhancing behavior? We found that higher proportions of females in user groups, and espe...