unlike teacher beliefs, there has been a dearth of study regarding efl learner beliefs. the reason can be that horwitz (1987) and the existing literature has predominantly been in an esl context. the present study reports the development and validation of a scale to measure the learner beliefs about language learning in iranian efl contexts. using a combination of verbal creativity method, inte...

Unlike teacher beliefs, there has been a dearth of study regarding EFL learner beliefs. The reason can be that Horwitz (1987) and the existing literature has predominantly been in an ESL context. The present study reports the development and validation of a scale to measure the learner beliefs about language learning in Iranian EFL contexts. Using a combination of verbal creativity method, inte...

Inferring Good Maximally Redundant Classification Tests (GMRTs) as Formal Concepts is considered. Two kinds of classification subcontexts are defined: attributive and object ones. The rules of forming and reducing subcontexts based on the notion of essential attributes and objects are given. They lead to the possibility of the inferring control. In particular, an improved Algorithm for Searchin...

This paper presents advances in Set Attributive Logic and its application to develop tabular rule-based systems within the XTT framework. The primary goal is to extend the expressive power of simple attributive languages so that it becomes satisfactory for complex applications, including the business rules support. A formal framework of extended Attributive Logic with Set Values over Finite Dom...

In this paper, we propose a domain and genre-independent approach to identify the discourse relation called attributive, included in Grimes’ relation list [7]. An attributive relation provides details about an entity or an event or can be used to illustrate a particular feature about a concept or an entity. Since attributive relations describe attributes or features of an object or an event, th...

The AGM recovery postulate says: assume a set of propositions X ; assume that it is consistent and that it is closed under logical consequences; remove a belief P from the set minimally, but make sure that the resultant set is again some set of propositions X ′ which is closed under the logical consequences; now add P again and close the set under the logical consequences; and we should get a s...

The relationships between organizational static substance knowledge with ‘belief’, ‘the true’, ‘true belief’, or ‘justified true belief’ have been outlined briefly in 2003. In this article, through combining new research outcomes, I further explore why different kinds of organizational static substance knowledge can be counted as belief, the true, true belief, or justified true belief. The disc...

This study will examine all the attributive words with the word ‘Muslim’ in the time magazine corpus. This study will basically focus on the choice of attributive words which time magazine used for the Muslims. Language is a discourse so the study of attributive words from the time magazines corpus is a type of media discourse. The critical discourse analysis explores all those social aspects w...

Schmidt-SchaulL M. and G. Smolka, Attributive concept descriptions with complements, Artificial Intelligence 48 (1991) 1-26. We investigate the consequences of adding unions and complements to attributive concept descriptions employed in terminological knowledge representation languages. It is shown that deciding coherence and subsumption of such descriptions are PSPACE-complete problems that c...