endocarditis is rarely reported in sheep and information presented for ovine endocarditis is based mostly on comparative findings in the cattle. infective vegetative endocarditis of the right heart was diagnosed in a 3-year-old fat-tailed ram. clinical findings included tachycardia, marked brisket edema, jugular veins distention and pulsation and pale mucous membranes. hematologic abnormality i...

Endocarditis is rarely reported in sheep and information presented for ovine endocarditis is based mostly on comparative findings in the cattle. Infective vegetative endocarditis of the right heart was diagnosed in a 3-year-old fat-tailed ram. Clinical findings included tachycardia, marked brisket edema, jugular veins distention and pulsation and pale mucous membranes. Hematologic abnormality i...

In a case of atrial flutter with a 9:2 atrioventricular response, the only possible way to explain the conduction pattern was 3:1 block in the atrioventicular node (which is 3:2 Wenckebach sequence in the N zone and a 2:1 block at the junction of the node with the bundle of His) plus 3:2 Wenckebach sequence distal to the H deflection. The recording of the His bundle deflection confirmed this an...

Background: Heart valve disease gradually increases the pressure in the heart chambers and impairs heart pumping. It influences on quality of life due to low output, disability, fear, amnesia, anxiety, and depression. Although most of signs and symptoms in patients with heart valve diseases may significantly decrease after valve replacement surgery, there is limited information about the impact...

OBJECTIVE AND METHODS From September 1990 to February 1997, 23 consecutive critically ill infants (12 males, 11 females) weighing 2500 g or less underwent cardiac surgery necessitating extracorporeal circulation (ECC). A retrospective study was carried out to evaluate short- and intermediate-term outcome. Mean weight at operation was 2265 g (range 1750-2500 g). Mean age at operation was 24 days...

quadricuspid aortic valve (qav) is an uncommon congenital anomaly which was an incidental finding during surgery or autopsy in the past. we present the case of a 44-year-old woman with moderately severe aortic regurgitation due to unequal cusp size qav diagnosed via transesophageal echocardiography. due to echocardiographic imaging improvement, the diagnosis of qav is now easier and earlier tha...

Ball valve is one of valves that have many applications in industry especially in gas delivery systems. This kind of valve is categorized in the on- off flow control valve. This study aims to investigate unusual application of ball valve to control fluid flow in the oil and gas industry and its destructive effect including erosion of ball and body of valve. Simulation of industrial ball valve i...