The purpose of this study was to define a new clinical classification of atlantoaxial dislocation based on its clinical manifestations, namely reducible atlantoaxial dislocation (RAAD), irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation (IAAD), and fixed atlantoaxial dislocation (FAAD). A total of 107 patients with atlantoaxial dislocation were respectively treated based on this clinical classification, incl...

Posterior atlantoaxial dislocation without odontoid fracture is extremely rare and often results in fatal spinal cord injury. According to the reported literature, all cases presented mild or no neurologic deficit, with no definite relation to upper spinal cord injury. Little is reported about traumatic posterior atlantoaxial dislocation, with incomplete quadriplegia associated with a spinal co...

OBJECTIVE We present our experience of treating nine consecutive cases of rheumatoid arthritis involving the craniovertebral junction by atlantoaxial joint manipulation and attempts towards restoration of craniovertebral region alignments. MATERIAL AND RESULTS Between November 2001 and March 2004, nine cases of rheumatoid arthritis involving the craniovertebral junction were treated in our de...

OBJECTIVE To assess the extent and severity of respiratory insufficiency associated with severe rheumatoid atlantoaxial dislocation and its relation to compression of the neuraxis. METHODS Twelve patients with severe atlantoaxial dislocation due to rheumatoid disease were studied. Detailed clinical, CT myelography and respiratory assessment including nocturnal oximetry, were performed on all ...

STUDY DESIGN Four patients had C2-3 vertebral fusion and radiologically demonstrated cord compression at C3-4 level related to disc bulge with or without association of osteophytes and C1-2 posterior facetal dislocation. The outcome of treatment by atlantoaxial and subaxial facetal fixation is discussed. PURPOSE The article evaluates the significance of atlantoaxial facetal instability in cas...

STUDY DESIGN Retrospective study. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to introduce the surgical techniques and evaluate the clinical outcomes of transoral atlantoaxial reduction plate (TARP) for the treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Researchers have reported on transoral plate internal fixation for the treatment of irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation (IAAD) w...

Atlantoaxial dislocation is the loss of normal alignment and stability of the first (atlas) and second (axis) cervical vertebrae with respect to each other. Etiologies are various, including trauma, congenital factors, infection, and connective tissue and autoimmune disorders. The condition must be appropriately diagnosed and managed to prevent deformity, spinal instability, and potential neuro...

Revision surgery for os odontoideum with irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation with a transoral approach is not commonly seen. Typically, management of this type of atlantoaxial dislocation is through posterior fixation and fusion or transoral decompression and posterior fusion. This report describes revision surgery in a patient with os odontoideum who was treated with a transoral approach. A 5...

Study Design. Retrospective case series of atlantoaxial rotatory fixed dislocation (AARFD). Objective. To describe clinical features and the surgical treatment of AARFD. Summary of Background Data. The classification and treatment strategy for atlantoaxial rotatory fixation (AARF) were previously described and remained controversial. AARF concomitant with atlantoaxial dislocation has different ...