This study aims to compare and determine a relationship between self-concept and self-esteem of female and male athletic and non-athletic students in Sari branch Islamic Azad University. For this reason, 200 students (100 athletic and 100 non-athletic) were selected randomly and tested by Eysenck’s self-esteem questionnaire and Rogers’s self-concept one. Research findings implied that there is ...

the aim of this research was to compare brain quadrant dominance between athletic and non-athletic students. for this purpose, 199 university students participating in sport olympiad summer 1391 were selected as the athletic sample and 162 students as the non-athletic samples using simple random sampling method. the hermann brain dominance instrument (hbdi) was used for data collection. the res...

in today's world, women's participation in social activities is considered as a measure of their social and civil rights. however, there are challenges to such participation. this research aims to investigate these socio-cultural obstacles, comparing athletic and non-athletic women. the present study examines women's sports participation as a form of behavior which includes fishb...

results our study comprised 739 subjects (367 athletes and 372 non-athletes). among athletic university students, 152 (41.2%) participants complained of headache. such a complaint was present in 217 (58.3%) non-athletic university students. this lower prevalence of headache in athletes was statistically significant (p value < 0.001). among ten different sports fields, the prevalence of headache...

background: alcohol is a substance that is consumed widely around the world. there are different interpretations regarding the effects of alcohol on athletic performance. today, alcohol is introduced as a contributing factor for increasing athletic performance by some sport clubs. methods: the purpose of this article is to investigate the effects of alcohol on athletic performance. pubmed, scop...

The study examines moderating role of gender in the relationship between athletics’ self-efficacy and their athletic performance. sample comprised adolescent 30 male athletes female aged 16 to 18 years. Research tools included Self-efficacy measure performance measure. Results revealed significant effect influencing performance, favouring superiority. Boosting morale is needed disregarding cult...

the aim of this study was to model the effect of athletic identity on sport orientation in athletes participating in 11th sport olympiad of male students in iran. 400 students were selected as the sample of this study from 2130 students of population. sport orientation questionnaire (soq, gill et al., 1988, α=0.87) and the athletic identity questionnaire (cieslak, 2004, α=0.82) were used. the s...

To examine the relationship between students’ athletic ability and their psychological skills in the athletic club and the school life setting, 99 players from high school soccer teams were administered with the Psychological Skills Inventory for Athletic Clubs and the Psychological Skills Inventory for School Life. Five coaches of the soccer teams evaluated the players’ athletic ability, using...

background athletes present a different category of the population. trivial complaints may mask more serious illness, especially when the athlete is undergoing intensive training, and the function of his immune system may be sub-optimal. case presentation a triathlete presented a few days after completing an ironman race, complaining of lethargy, pleuritic chest pain and loss of appetite. on ex...