T he treatment of moderate to high astigmatism is challenging for the refractive surgeon. Even in experienced hands, 40% of patients who undergo penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) are left with more than 4.00 D of astigmatism.1 Spectacles, contact lenses, excimer laser ablation, toric IOLs, and tissue-relaxing procedures have been used for a long time in the treatment of preexisting and postsurgica...

Femtosecond laser technology has become widely adopted by ophthalmic surgeons. The purpose of this study is to discuss applications and advantages of femtosecond lasers over traditional manual techniques, and related unique complications in cataract surgery and corneal refractive surgical procedures, including: LASIK flap creation, intracorneal ring segment implantation, presbyopic treatments, ...

PURPOSE To report the outcomes of the correction of mixed astigmatism with non-penetrating femtosecond laser intrastromal astigmatic keratotomy in patients with previous refractive surgery. METHODS One hundred twelve eyes that had low mixed astigmatism after excimer laser surgery, refractive lens exchange, or phakic intraocular lens implantation underwent intrastromal astigmatic keratotomy us...

Background Astigmatic keratotomy (AK) remains an accessible means to correct surgically induced or naturally occurring astigmatism. The advantages of femtosecond laser-assisted astigmatic keratotomy (FSAK) over conventional methods have been recognized recently. Main text This review evaluates the efficacy, complications, and different methods of FSAK for correction of astigmatism in native e...

PURPOSE To determine prescribing practices of pediatric ophthalmologists for astigmatism and astigmatic anisometropia in infants and young children. METHODS A survey was sent to the 700 North American AAPOS members listed in the 2004 web site directory. RESULTS A total of 412/700 surveys (59%) were returned. The level of astigmatism at which pediatric ophthalmologists prescribe eyeglasses f...

PURPOSE To develop a nomogram for femtosecond laser astigmatic keratotomy (AK) to treat post-keratoplasty astigmatism. SETTING Three academic medical centers. DESIGN Retrospective interventional case series. METHODS A review of post-keratoplasty femtosecond laser AK was performed. Uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuities, manifest refraction, and keratometry were r...

PURPOSE A seventh annual survey was carried out by mail in February 1999 to investigate the current trends in cataract and refractive surgery in Japan. METHODS Questionnaires were sent to 925 ophthalmologist members of the Japanese Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. Data received from 411 (44.4%) of the recipients were cross-analyzed and compared with those from the previous surveys....