in this paper the class of n-ary hypergroups is introduced and several properties are found andexamples are presented. n-ary hypergroups are a generalization of hypergroups in the sense of marty. on theother hand, we can consider n-ary hypergroups as a good generalization of n-ary groups. we define thefundamental relation β* on an n-ary hypergroup h as the smallest equivalence relation such tha...

OFDM system is promising technology for high speed data communication in wireless media. In this paper OFDM system model is developed over flat fading channel with Additive Gaussian White Noise (AWGN). Initially BER analysis is carried out in OFDM system with the number of sub-carriers ‘N’ using M-ary PSK and M-ary QAM. Analysis is carried out with the number of sub-carriers (N=64) with Rayleig...

The class of  $n$-ary polygroups is a certain subclass of $n$-ary hypergroups, a generalization of D{"o}rnte $n$-arygroups and  a generalization of polygroups. The$beta^*$-relation and the $gamma^*$-relation are the smallestequivalence relations on an $n$-ary polygroup $P$ such that$P/beta^*$ and $P/gamma^*$ are an $n$-ary group and acommutative $n$-ary group, respectively. We use the $beta^*$-...

We construct a localization for operads with respect to one-ary operations based on the Dwyer-Kan hammock localization [2]. For an operad O and a sub-monoid of one-ary operations W we associate an operad LO and a canonical map O → LO which takes elements in W to homotopy invertible operations. Furthermore, we give a functor from the category of O-algebras to the category of LO-algebras satisfyi...

In this paper, we have generalized the definition of vector space by considering the group as a canonical $m$-ary hypergroup, the field as a krasner $(m,n)$-hyperfield and considering the multiplication structure of a vector by a scalar as hyperstructure. Also we will be consider a normed $m$-ary hypervector space and introduce the concept of convergence of sequence on $m$-ary hypernormed space...

We prove a general theorem which includes most notions of “exact completion” as special cases. The theorem is that “κ-ary exact categories” are a reflective sub-2-category of “κ-ary sites”, for any regular cardinal κ. A κ-ary exact category is an exact category with disjoint and universal κ-small coproducts, and a κ-ary site is a site whose covering sieves are generated by κ-small families and ...

Spread Spectrum (SS) modulation principle has been widely used in digital watermarking due to its distinguishing characteristics viz. excellent security and robustness in performance. The use of wide spectrum of the host signal in message hiding process puts a limit on the data rate subject to a given embedding distortion. In SS communication the use of M– ary modulation is a popular extension ...