in order to evaluate the microvascular anatomy and the interconnections, 101 fixed brains from human cadavers with a mean age of 41.3 years were subjected to objective scrutiny. symmetry was visualized with an unaided eye and measurements made under microscopic magnification technique using a micrometer. classic symmetry was observed in only 19 of the specimens, whereas the rest of the 82 speci...

THORACIC ARTERIALI ANOMALIES were formerly regarded as having little significance except when they produced tracheal or esophageal obstruction. As thoracic surgical procedures become more prevalent in the smaller or community hospitals, the case concentration will become less, and many of these anomalies may go unrecognized. Recognition of the many types of vascular disarrangement thus assumes ...

BACKGROUND Cortical dysplasias are rarely associated with vascular anomalies. They are usually associated with venous anomalies or in few cases with both arterial and venous anomalies. METHODS Twenty-six year old female presented with history of headache showed cortical dysplasia associated with pure arterial dysplasia in the absence of any associated venous anomaly. CONCLUSIONS An abnormal...

AIMS Anomalies of the arterial valves, principally bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), are the most common congenital anomalies. The cellular mechanisms that underlie arterial valve development are poorly understood. While it is known that the valve leaflets derive from the outflow cushions, which are populated by cells derived from the endothelium and neural crest cells (NCCs), the mechanism by which...

now-a-days truncus arteriosus has been known as “common arterial trunk” (cat) and is an uncommon congenital cardiac defect presenting in about 1-3% congenital heart disease. environmental and genetic factors effects on incidence of cat and other conotruncal anomalies. the majority patients with cat and 22q11 deletion have other anomalies such as hypoplasia or aplasia of the thymus or parath...

CONTEXT Pancreaticoduodenectomy entails ligation of vascular arcades arising from the celiac and superior mesenteric arteries. These are known to have anatomical variations. OBJECTIVE This study was aimed at analyzing the spectrum of arterial anomalies and their clinical impact on the procedure itself. PATIENTS The study includes 200 consecutive patients who underwent a pancreaticoduodenect...

AIM To introduce the American Pittsburgh's method of rapid liver procurement under the condition of brain death and factors influencing the quality of donor liver. METHODS To analyze 32 cases of allograft liver procurement retrospectively and observe the clinical outcome of orthotopic liver transplantation. RESULTS Average age of donors was 38.24+/-12.78 years, with a male:female ratio of 2...

CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS aortic anomalies aortic aneurism aortic arch, anomalies aortic valvular, anomalies cardiac congenital defects cardiomegaly cardiopathy, congenital heart conduction defects, cardiac arrhythmia, including tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, ventricular fibrillation heart conduction defects, cardiac arrhythmia, including: bradycardia, cardiac dysrhythmias mitral valve, defec...

There are several anomalies of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in humans, such as accessory MCA, duplicated MCA, fenestration of MCA, and duplicated origin of MCA. Recently, unfused or twig-like MCA, which indicates MCA trunk occlusion with collateral plexiform arterial network, have been reported. During the embryonic stage, MCA is thought to generate from plexiform arterial twigs arising fro...