In terrestrial pulmonate gastropods Cochlodina laminata, Monachoides incarnata, Helicigona lapicida, Arianta arbustorum, Cepaea hortensis, Trochulus hispidus and Succinea putris, the morphological properties of pupil camera-like eyes were studied for first time: location, spatial orientation, change in structure, shape, shape change, relative size, size. Several methods used work: making prepar...

wood vinegar is the aqueous phase of the liquid produced during the slow pyrolysis of wood.it has the potential to be used as a pesticide against various weeds, insects and molluscs. due to divergentfeedstocks, pyrolysis processes and storing conditions, the chemical composition of wood vinegar variesbetween producers and time. the aim of our current study was to use the copse snail arianta arb...

Mollusc fauna of three protected areas in the capital Czech Republic, Prague, was revised after 25 years (Hvězda Game Reserve, Petřín) or studied for first time (Vyšehrad). In total, 56 molluscs species were found and survival endangered Vertigo angustior Nesovitrea petronella Hvězda Reserve verified. Generally, some sensitive well-preserved localities are being replaced by weed species, includ...