background: as both oral and verbal apraxia are related  to vocal orofacial musculature, this study aimed at identifying brain regions impaired in cases with oral and verbal apraxia. methods:   in  this non-experimental  study,  46  left  brain damaged subjects (17 females)  aged  23–84  years,  were examined  by oral and  verbal apraxia tasks.  impaired  and spared broca’s area, insula, and mi...

Although apraxia is one of the most frequent signs in corticobasal degeneration, the phenomenology of this disorder has not been formally examined. Hence 10 patients with corticobasal degeneration were studied with a standardised evaluation for different types of apraxia. To minimise the confounding effects of the primary motor disorder, apraxia was assessed in the least affected limb. Whereas ...

friedreich’s ataxia (frda) is a rare autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia which in the majority of cases is associated with a gaa-trinucleotide repeat expansion in the first intron of frataxin gene located on chromosome 9. the clinical features include progressive gait and limb ataxia, cerebellar dysarthria, neuropathy, optic atrophy, and loss of vibration and proprioception. ataxia with ...

The definition of apraxia specifies that the disturbance of performed skilled movements cannot be explained by the more elemental motor disorders typical of patients with movement disorders. Generally this does not present a significant diagnostic problem when dealing with 'higher-level' praxic disturbances (e.g. ideational apraxia), but it can be a major confound in establishing the presence o...

INTRODUCTION Apraxia of face movement in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been rarely investigated. This study aimed at investigating the frequency of lower (mouth, tongue and throat) and upper (eyes and eyebrows) face apraxia, in AD and its relationship with limb apraxia and severity of dementia. METHODS Fifty seven patients with AD were tested with a new standardised test of face apraxia includ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the inter-rater reliability of a new apraxia test. Furthermore to examine the association of apraxia with other neuropsychological impairments and the prevalence of apraxia in a rehabilitation setting on the basis of the new test. DESIGN Cross-sectional cohort study, involving 100 patients with a first stroke admitted to a rehabilitation centre in the Netherlands. M...

Humans need to perform skilled movements to successfully interact with their environment as well as take care of themselves and others. These important skilled purposeful actions are primarily performed by the forelimb, and the loss of these skills is called apraxia. This review describes the means of testing, the pathophysiology, and the clinical characteristics that define five different gene...

Apraxia is a disorder of learned skilled movements, in the absence of elementary motor or sensory deficits and general cognitive impairment such as inattention to commands, object-recognition deficits or poor oral comprehension. The first studies on apraxia were performed between the late 19th and early 20th centuries, however controversy remains in praxis literature concerning apraxia types, n...

In a series of 50 patients with cerebrovascular lesions (demonstrated with CT scan), seven patients had lesions located in the basal ganglia and/or thalamus. All these seven patients were apractic. Ideomotor apraxia was present in all patients; five also had constructional apraxia, and one had bucco-facial apraxia. None of the patients had utilisation apraxia. These observations indicated that ...