genetic diversity is a key component of ecosystems. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of iranian native honeybee colonies (apis mellifera meda l.) located in the northern region. colonies from 24 locations have been analyzed using microsatellite markers. samples were collected from caspian sea southern area (north of iran). six microsatellite markers (a28, a29, ...

objectives: royal jelly (rj), a secretion of both the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of nurse workers, is believed to play a central role in honeybee queen development. important component of royal jelly are proteins which form about 50% of the dry mass of rj. major royal jelly proteins (mrjps) are the dominant proteinaceous component of royal jelly and constitute about 82-90% of total pr...

Objectives: Royal jelly (RJ), a secretion of both the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of nurse workers, is believed to play a central role in honeybee queen development. Important component of royal jelly are proteins which form about 50% of the dry mass of RJ. Major royal jelly proteins (MRJPs) are the dominant proteinaceous component of royal jelly and constitute about 82-90% of total pr...

Objectives: Royal jelly (RJ), a secretion of both the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of nurse workers, is believed to play a central role in honeybee queen development. Important component of royal jelly are proteins which form about 50% of the dry mass of RJ. Major royal jelly proteins (MRJPs) are the dominant proteinaceous component of royal jelly and constitute about 82-90% of total pr...

Apis mellifera L. is native to Europe, Africa, and Asia (including Saudi Arabia, Iran and the Ural mountains of Russia). It is currently widely distributed across the world due to multiple migrations and introductions (Ruttner, 1988). Apis mellifera includes about two dozen subspecies that are present in different regions of the world. These subspecies have been classified into five main lineag...

Beeswax is a multicomponent material used by bees in the genus Apis to house larvae and store honey and pollen. We characterized the mechanical properties of waxes from four honeybee species: Apis mellifera L., Apis andreniformis L., Apis dorsata L. and two subspecies of Apis cerana L. In order to isolate the material effects from the architectural properties of nest comb, we formed raw wax in ...

This study investigates the population of Apis mellifera located in the montane meadows of the H.J. Andrews Forest. The generalized N-Mixture model was applied to estimate the abundance, the spatial distribution and the temporal population dynamics of Apis mellifera. Habitat fragmentation has been shown to have a negative impact on plant-pollinator networks. This study will test how meadow isol...