introduction: in diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, dosimetric studies are performed on the dosimetric systems in order to comply the radiation safety standards. monte carlo methods are used due to the high complexity and cost of patient-specific phantom construction. the high complexity of the digitized phantoms greatly increases the time and computational task of the monte carlo calculati...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to design an anthropomorphic heterogeneous head phantom that can be used for MRI and other electromagnetic applications. MATERIALS AND METHODS An eight compartment, physical anthropomorphic head phantom was developed from a 3T MRI dataset of a healthy male. The designed phantom was successfully built and preliminarily evaluated through an application tha...

Introduction: The use of electronic portal imaging devices (EPIDs) is a method for the dosimetric verification of radiotherapy plans both pretreatment and in-vivo. The aim of this study was to test a 2D EPID-based dosimetry algorithm for dose verification of some plans inside a homogenous and anthropomorphic phantom and in-vivo, as well. Materials and Methods: </strong...

This study evaluated the feasibility of utilizing a 3D-printed anthropomorphic patient-specific head phantom for patient-specific quality assurance (QA) in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Contoured left and right head phantoms were converted from DICOM to STL format. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) was used to construct an anthropomorphic patient-specific head phantom with a 3D printer...

esophageal cancer is the eighth most ordinary cancer and the sixth most common cancer between the males and ninth for females in the world; its major and effective treatment is external radiotherapy. this type of cancer can be found in different areas of esophagus including cervical, upper, middle and lower esophagus. in this treatment, healthy tissues such as the trachea, spine and sternum and...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate three-dimensional translational setup errors and residual errors in image-guided radiosurgery, comparing frameless and frame-based techniques, using an anthropomorphic phantom. MATERIALS AND METHODS We initially used specific phantoms for the calibration and quality control of the image-guided system. For the hidden target test, we used an Alderson Radiation Therapy (ART...

We have segmented CT torso+head and MRI head slices of two living human males. The manually segmented 129 x-ray CT transverse slices were used to create a computerized 3dimensional volume array modeling all major internal structures of the body. The original xray CT images were reconstructed in a 512x512 matrix with a resolution of 1 millimeter in the x,y plane. The z-axis resolution is 1 centi...

In this paper, we present a novel implementation of a dose calculation application, based on the GEANT4 Monte Carlo toolkit. Validation studies were performed with an homogeneous water phantom and an Alderson-Rando anthropomorphic phantom both irradiated with high-energy photon beams produced by a clinical linear accelerator. As input, this tool requires computer tomography images for automatic...