background: gp41 of hiv (human immunodeficiency virus) is a protein that mediates fusion between viral and cellular membranes. the agent, t-20, which has been approved for hiv inhibition, can restrain gp41 function in the fusion process; nevertheless, it has disadvantages like instability, high cost of production and injection form to be delivered twice a day. methods: several molecules like nb...

neuroleptic malignant syndrome (nms) is a rare fatal medical complication that occurs as a result of dopaminergic receptor blockage in the caudate at the termination of the nigrostriatal pathways (1), and may occur at any time following consumption of dopamine antagonists. this disorder also occurs in cases of sudden discontinuation of dopamine agonists and antagonists (2,3). some studies have ...

Background and aims: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common cause of end-stage renal failure which could increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and morbidity and mortality in patients. The aim of this study was to investigate new modalities for treatment of diabetic nephropathy. Methods:This study was a mini-review research to investigate drugs that are used for DN treatment. Resul...

background and aims: diabetic nephropathy (dn) is the most common cause of end-stage renal failure which could increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and morbidity and mortality in patients. the aim of this study was to investigate new modalities for treatment of diabetic nephropathy. methods:this study was a mini-review research to investigate drugs that are used for dn treatment. results...

Kaolinite clay found its application in medicine, in toothpaste, in cosmetic and as a food additive. Recently, a specially formulated spray is used in fruit and vegetable production to repel the insects and prevent sunburn. Kaolin-SO3H nanoparticles were prepared via reaction of kaolin and chlorosulfonic acid and characterized by FT-IR, XRD, FESEM, TEM, XRF, EDS, BET and TGA. 2-Substituted benz...

a case of acute extrapyramidal manifestations consisting of dystonia and akathisia following abrupt discontinuation of propranolol is reported. she responded well to oral propranolol and intramuscular diazepam. extrapyramidal symptoms have commonly been associated with acute or chronic administration of neuroleptic drugs. there have been reports of a substantial number of cases with similar cli...

A case of acute extrapyramidal manifestations consisting of dystonia and akathisia following abrupt discontinuation of propranolol is reported. She responded well to oral propranolol and intramuscular diazepam. Extrapyramidal symptoms have commonly been associated with acute or chronic administration of neuroleptic drugs. There have been reports of a substantial number of cases with simila...

BACKGROUND It is unknown whether proton pump inhibitors are superior to H2-receptor antagonists in Helicobacter pylori eradication regimens. AIM To perform a meta-analysis comparing the efficacy of both antisecretors when co-prescribed with antibiotics. METHODS Randomized clinical trials comparing proton pump inhibitors vs. H2-receptor antagonists with the same antibiotics were selected. Da...