the present work was performed to show the possible interaction of gab a, and gabab receptors in catalepsy. the following results were obtained: 1- muscimol (mus), a gabaa agonist, induced catalepsy. this effect was dose-dependent. baclofen (bac), a gabab agonist, had no effect in this respect. 2- catalepsy induced by muscimol was potentiated by pretreatment of animals with bicuculline (bic), a...

introduction: feverfew (tanacetum parthenium) (t.p.) is widely used in folk medicine to treat many diseases. we reported the analgesic effect of t.p. flower and leaf previously. present study is designed to find the mechanism underlying the anti-nociceptive effect of the aqueous extract of t.p. flower. method: based on our previous study, the dose 50 mg/kg i.p. of the t.p. aqueous extract had a...

The present work was performed to show the possible interaction of GAB A, and GABAB receptors in catalepsy. The following results were obtained: 1- Muscimol (MUS), a GABAA agonist, induced catalepsy. This effect was dose-dependent. Baclofen (BAC), a GABAB agonist, had no effect in this respect. 2- Catalepsy induced by muscimol was potentiated by pretreatment of animals with bicuculline (BI...

The opioid system has been implicated in major depression and in the mechanism of action of antidepressants. This study investigated the involvement of the opioid system in the antidepressant-like effect of the water-soluble B-vitamin folic acid in the forced swimming test (FST). The effect of folic acid (10 nmol/site, i.c.v.) was prevented by the pretreatment of mice with naloxone (1 mg/kg, i....

Introduction: Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium) (T.p.) is widely used in folk medicine to treat many diseases. We reported the analgesic effect of T.p. flower and leaf previously. Present study is designed to find the mechanism underlying the anti-nociceptive effect of the aqueous extract of T.p. flower. Method: Based on our previous study, the dose 50 mg/kg i.p. of the T.p. aqueous extract had...

The present experiment evaluated whether prior treatment with naloxone could block the sensitization to opiate antagonist induced by single dose administration of pure agonist (morphine) or mixed agonist (buprenorphine). Food deprived male Wistar rats were trained to respond for food on a multiple-trial, fixed-interval 3 min schedule. Reinforcement was contingent upon a response within a 10-s l...

morphine was used as a remedy for the control of diarrhea centuries before it's sedative-analgesic effect was discovered. although several mechanisms have been proposed for the morphine-induced inhibition of gastrointestinal transit (oit), the exact mechanism has not yet been identified. on this basis the possible involvement of the dopaminergic system in morphine-induced inhibition of tra...

BACKGROUND Opioid receptors mediate cardiac ischemic preconditioning. Remifentanil is a new, potent ultra-short-acting phenylpiperidine opioid used in high doses for anesthesia. The authors hypothesize that pretreatment with this drug confers cardioprotection. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized and the chest was opened. All animals were subjected to 30 min of occlusion of the ...

ziziphora tenuior has been used in iranian folk medicine as an analgesic and for treament of digestive diseases.this study was designed to investigate the antinociceptive effects of hydroalcoholic extract of z. tenuior on visceral pain and its possible involvement in opioidergic and serotoninergic systems in male albino n-mri mice. antinociceptive effect of was determined by writhing test as a ...

Two highly selective mu-opioid receptor agonists, endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2, have been identified and postulated to be endogenous mu-opioid receptor ligands. We determined the antinociceptive effects of these two ligands at the supraspinal level in mice with the tail-flick and hot-plate responses. The i.c.v. injection of endomorphin-1 and -2 inhibited the tail-flick and hot-plate response...