Hydrothermally synthesized dipotassium gallium {hydrogen bis[hydrogenphosphate(V)]} difluoride, K(2)Ga[H(HPO(4))(2)]F(2), is isotypic with K(2)Fe[H(HPO(4))(2)]F(2). The main features of the structure are ([Ga{H(HPO(4))(2)}F(2)](2-))(n) columns consisting of centrosymmetric Ga(F(2)O(4)) octahedra [average Ga-O = 1.966 (3) Angstrom and Ga-F = 1.9076 (6) Angstrom] stacked above two HPO(4) tetrahed...

Pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid has been studied by single-crystal neutron diffraction at 15 and 296 K. Pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid, in which the carboxylic acid protons have been replaced by deuterons, has also been studied at 15, 150 and 296 K. The protonated structure contains a short N...H...O hydrogen bond [N...O 2.523 (2) Angstrom at 15 K]. Temperature-dependent proton migration occurs ...

the solar radiation received by earth surface is one of the most applicable parameter that is so important in hydrology, agriculture, meteorology and climatological modeling. because of very expensive instrument for measuring the radiation, researchers suggested many different experimental equations to estimate this parameter in different climate. seven models which are calibrated for semi-arid...

Emission features from ionized carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide were measured in the 1900- to 4300-angstrom spectral region. The Lyman alpha 1216-angstrom line of atomic hydrogen and the 1304-, 1356-, and 2972-angstrom lines of atomic oxygen were observed.

A new polymorph crystalline silica composition having uniform pore dimensions were synthesized by calcining a crystalline hydrated alkyl-ammonium silicate. The pore dimensions approximately were 6 angstrom for silicalite-1 and 11 angstrom for silicalite-2 units. The silicalite-1 was prepared hydrothermally at a pH of about 10 from a reaction mixture consist of water, amorphous silica and a ...

abstract solar radiation, nowadays has a lot of application in different fields of agriculture, irrigation, and hydrology engineering and due to these various applications, different models has been proposed for it’s estimation. angstrom-prescott equation is one of the most important well known models for solar radiation estimation. this equation has empirically coefficient that various for eac...

Orthorhombic crystals of bovine F(1)-ATPase have been subjected to controlled dehydration. A decrease in the relative humidity surrounding the crystals to 90% reproducibly reduced their unit-cell volume by 22% (950,000 Angstrom(3)) and improved the diffraction limit and mosaic spread of the crystals significantly. These dehydrated crystals diffracted X-rays to 1.8 Angstrom resolution at a synch...

We present here a brief review of direct force measurements between hydrophobic surfaces in aqueous solutions. For almost 70 years, researchers have attempted to understand the hydrophobic effect (the low solubility of hydrophobic solutes in water) and the hydrophobic interaction or force (the unusually strong attraction of hydrophobic surfaces and groups in water). After many years of research...

Broad Raman-scattered wings of hydrogen lines can be used to map neutral gas illuminated by high-mass stars in star forming regions. Raman scattering transforms far-ultraviolet starlight from the Lyman beta line (1022 Angstrom 1029 Angstrom) red visual light H alpha (6400 6700 Angstrom). Analysis spatially resolved spectra Orion Bar and other regions Nebula shows that this process occurs photo-...