Background: Cannabinoid, particularly hashish and WIN 55212-2 (WIN), consumption during embryonic period may affect fetal growth, and the development of motor functioning, memory and cognitive functions. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of WIN 55212-2 during embryonic period on behavioral responses, as well as tissue and memory changes among neonatal rats. Methods: WIN...

THE INTELLECTUAL INVENTION THAT SURPASSES ALL OTHERS AS THE MOST BENEFICIAL ADVANCE OF HUMAN HISTORY IS RARELY UNDERSTOOD OR APPRECIATED BY EDUCATED ADULTS. With dire consequences for such neglect, there has been no applause for this wondrous invention, no gratitude for its beneficence, no monuments to hail its priceless influence. Largely overlooked, ignored, or taken for granted, this unceleb...

A class of binary decision-making tasks called the two-alternative forced-choice task has been used extensively in psychology and behavioral economics experiments to investigate human decision making. The human subject makes a choice between two options at regular time intervals and receives a reward after each choice; for a variety of reward structures, these experiments showconvergence of the...