hemorrhoidectomy is the treatment of choice for patients with third or fourth-degree hemorrhoids. although the majority of surgeons believe that surgical hemorrhoidectomy is the most effective approach with excellent results in the management of hemorrhoid disease, but hemorrhoidectomy is not a simple procedure. one of the complications of this surgery is an injury to anal sphincters that can l...

background : fecal incontinence is defined as the involuntary loss of fecal material. fecal incontinence is a particularly embarrassing and distressing condition with significant medical, social and economic implications. the purpose of this article is to review the relevant the role of pelvic floor muscle dysfunction in fecal incontinence. materials and mthods : we performed a literature searc...

Background and objectives: Anal fissure is a painful wound in the anoderm and distal to dentate line, the chronic fissure leads to hypertrophy and fibrosis. In this study, we compared partial and total sphincterotomy in patients with chronic anal fissure. Methods: In this comparative cohort, 100 patients (52 female and 48 male )mean age 43.34 ± 15.28 year...

...................................................................................................................9 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................11 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE .............................................................................13 1. History of anal incontinence ............................

the second international proctology congress was held on october 17 to 18 at razavi hospital. some surgeons of the italian society of colo-rectal surgery (societa italiana di chirurgia colo-rettale, siccr) attended the congress.

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of anal incontinence in an unselected pregnant population at second trimester. A survey of pregnant women attending a routine ultrasound examination was conducted in a university hospital in Oslo, Norway. A questionnaire consisting of 105 items concerning anal incontinence (including St. Mark's score), urinary incontinence, med...

OBJECTIVE The long-term prevalence of anal incontinence after vaginal delivery is unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of anal incontinence in primiparous women 5 years after their first delivery and to evaluate the influence of subsequent childbirth. METHODS A total of 349 nulliparous women were prospectively followed up with questionnaires before pregnancy, a...

OBJECTIVE To estimate prevalence and correlates of urinary and anal incontinence in morbidly obese women undergoing evaluation for laparoscopic weight loss surgery. METHODS From October 2003 to February 2005, 180 women with body mass index (BMI) of 40 or greater underwent evaluation for laparoscopic weight loss surgery. Using an established Web site, questionnaires were completed to assess sy...

BACKGROUND Women with an obstetric anal sphincter injury are concerned about the risk of recurrent obstetric anal sphincter injury in their second pregnancy. Existing studies have failed to clarify whether the recurrence of obstetric anal sphincter injury affects the risk of anal and fecal incontinence at long-term follow-up. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to evaluate whether recurr...

BACKGROUND Despite the surge of new medical and surgical approaches to treat fecal incontinence, the types of sphincter abnormalities in patients with incontinence have not been well characterized. We aimed to categorize anal sphincter dysfunction using anorectal manometry in patients with fecal incontinence as a potential guide for improved treatment. METHODS A retrospective review of 162 co...