This paper investigates the relationship between product market competition (PMC) and innovation. A growth model is developed in which competition may increase the incremental profit from innovating; on the other hand, competition may also reduce innovation incentives for laggards. There are four key predictions. First, the relationship between product market competition (PMC) and innovation is...

This paper presents a new approach for the design of a multiband uniplanar CPW-fed monopole antenna. The antenna consists of a fork like monopole strip to which is added an inverted U-shaped strip. The three branch fork like strip can create three resonant bands within the WLAN range while the placement of the inverted U-shaped strip provides a better impedance matching for the lowest resonant ...

NEGATIVE U waves are usually preceded by negative T waves. It also seems that only secondarily inverted T waves are followed by inverted U waves. It was found by us, however, that the U wave was inverted in less than one half of the electrocardiograms that showed presumably secondary inversion of the T wave. The presence of an upright U wave in leads where the T wave was already inverted could ...

this paper investigates the impacts of economic and financial developments on environmental pollution for 6 opec countries using panel cointegration and panel long-run estimator (dols) over the period 1980–2008.  the results shows that both economic and financial development have significant effect on the environmental quality in selected opec economies. the findings not support the existence o...