introduction: in the present study, the effects of oral morphine consumption in pregnant female rats on the amygdaloid complex development in the embryos were investigated. methods: female wistar rats weighing 250-300 g (n=15) were divided into control (n = 8) and experimental groups (n = 7). the experimental group received morphine (0.05 mg/ml) in their tap water. on the 19th day of pregnancy,...

Introduction: In the present study, the effects of oral morphine consumption in pregnant female rats on the amygdaloid complex development in the embryos were investigated. Methods: Female Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g (n=15) were divided into control (n = 8) and experimental groups (n = 7). The experimental group received morphine (0.05 mg/ml) in their tap water. On the 19th day of pregnan...

The amygdaloid complex is a group of nuclei located deep in the temporal lobe and closely involved in the limbic system. Its alteration has been associated with some psychiatric processes. In this article, an overall review was made of the published data concerning the amygdaloid complex in the most common psychiatric diseases. A damaged amygdaloid complex is commonly observed, that in the Klüv...

Results: The anxiety indices of the traumatized rats were markedly higher than those of the controls (p<0.05). GluN1 and calmodulin levels were decreased in the dorsal hippocampus and amygdaloid complex of the traumatized rats. NOS expression increased significantly in both the amygdaloid complex and dorsal hippocampus where the increase was statistically more prominent in the amygdaloid comple...

The amygdaloid complex is a group of nuclei that are thought to originate from multiple sites of the dorsal and ventral telencephalic neuroepithelium. The mechanisms that regulate their development are essentially unknown. We studied the role of Pax6 and Emx2, two transcription factors that regulate regional specification and growth of the telencephalon, in the morphogenesis of the amygdaloid c...

The distribution of GABA-like (GABA-Li) immunoreactivity in the rat amygdaloid complex was studied by using an anti-GABA antibody. GABALi positive neurons and processes were present in every nucleus of the complex. Three patterns of immunoreactivity were revealed: (1) the intercalated masses and the lateral olfactory tract nucleus exhibited the most intense staining of the neuropil, and virtual...

Several studies have suggested that changes in hippocampal, prefrontal cortex and amygdaloid complex function are associated with the main symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Predator exposure can mimic some aspects of PSTD such as hyperarousal and chronic anxiety. However, little is known about the neural substrate involved in this model. Synaptophysin (SYP) expression has been u...