Abstract A growing body of work makes use probing in order to investigate the working neural models, often considered black boxes. Recently, an ongoing debate emerged surrounding limitations paradigm. In this work, we point out inability infer behavioral conclusions from results, and offer alternative method that focuses on how information is being used, rather than what encoded. Our method, Am...

We explored what kind of information is acquired when amnesic patients are able to exhibit significant retention on tests of cued recall and recognition memory. Amnesic patients and control subjects attempted to learn sets of sentences. Memory for the last word in each sentence was tested after 1 hr in the case of the amnesic patients, or after 1 to 2 weeks in the case of (delayed) control subj...

Lesions restricted to the frontal lobes do not ordinarily produce an amnesic syndrome in man. However, recent research has demonstrated that amnesic patients who are characterized by signs of frontal lobe pathology show patterns of memory performance that are different from those shown by amnesic patients without frontal signs. This article reviews evidence concerning the influence of frontal l...

Extended exposure to study material can markedly improve subsequent recognition memory performance in amnesic patients, even the densely amnesic patient H.M. To understand this phenomenon, the severely amnesic patient E.P., 3 other amnesic patients, and controls studied pictorial material and then were given either a yes-no (Experiment 1) or a 2-alternative, forced-choice (Experiment 2) recogni...

Despite severe deficits of recall and recognition, amnesic patients can exhibit normal priming effects. Amnesic patients have also been reported to perform well on tests of paired-associate learning that involve related word pairs (e.g., table-chair). The present study investigated the role of priming effects in paired-associate learning. Experiment 1 illustrated the distinction between the mem...

We consider wait-free implementations of a regular read/ write register for unauthenticated data using a collection of 3t + k base objects, t of which can be subject to Byzantine failures. We focus on amnesic algorithms that store only a limited number of values in the base objects. In contrast, non-amnesic algorithms store an unbounded number of values, which can eventually lead to problems of...

Whether frontal lobe pathology can account for some of the cognitive impairment observed in amnesic patients with Korsakoff's syndrome was investigated. Various cognitive and memory tests were given to patients with circumscribed frontal lobe lesions, patients with Korsakoff's syndrome, non-Korsakoff amnesic patients, and control Ss. Patients with frontal lobe lesions were not amnesic. Neverthe...

Previous observations of spared priming in amnesic patients have been based almost entirely on data from visual implicit memory tests. Our research examined perceptual priming in amnesic patients and control subjects on an auditory identification task in which previously spoken words and new words were presented in white noise. We manipulated type of encoding task (semantic vs. nonsemantic) and...

Introduction: Amnesia or loss of memory is the cardinal hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with ageing process. Although, AD had been discovered over a century ago, drugs which could cure or halt the progression of the disease are yet to see the light of the day. However, there has been a growing interest in the use of phytomedicines with m...