this paper discusses the performance evaluation and availability analysis of ammonia synthesis unit of a fertilizer plant. the fertilizer plant is a complex and repairable engineering system comprises of various units viz. shell gasification and carbon recovery, desulphurization, co-shift conversion, decarbonation, nitrogen wash and ammonia synthesis etc. one of the most important functionaries...

The efficient operation of existing plants in the process industry requires their analysis through simulation together with power and heat integration by retrofitting. Pinch Analysis (PA) is a classical procedure to achieve this goal. Yet, a further integration can be obtained reducing the entropy generated in the chemical processes. Ammonia, important as raw material in many process industries...

This paper discusses the performance evaluation and availability analysis of ammonia synthesis unit of a fertilizer plant. The fertilizer plant is a complex and repairable engineering system comprises of various units viz. shell gasification and carbon recovery, desulphurization, co-shift conversion, decarbonation, nitrogen wash and ammonia synthesis etc. One of the most important functionaries...

in many hydroelectric dams, when the inflows are greater than the demand for energy, a portion of the water that could be used to generate electricity is diverted to the spillway and literally wasted. this energy,designated as “spilled turbinable energy”, could be used advantageously to generate other products or an energy vector that could be stored for later use, since in these situations the...

in this work, reactive absorption of gases in aqueous electrolyte solutions has been investigated resulting in the development of a procedure in order to calculate the concentrations of ionic and molecular species in the liquid phase. two duplicate experiments were conducted to investigate simultaneous reactive absorption of ammonia and carbon dioxide in partially carbonated ammonia solutions. ...

Nitrification is essential to biological processes designed to remove ammonia and/or total nitrogen. It removes excess nitrogenous compound in wastewater which could be very toxic to the aquatic fauna or cause serious imbalance of such aquatic ecosystem. Efficient nitrification is linked to an in-depth knowledge of the structure and dynamics of the nitrifying community structure within the wast...

In this work, reactive absorption of gases in aqueous electrolyte solutions has been investigated resulting in the development of a procedure in order to calculate the concentrations of ionic and molecular species in the liquid phase. Two duplicate experiments were conducted to investigate simultaneous reactive absorption of ammonia and carbon dioxide in partially carbonated ammonia solutio...

Many and complex plant-bacteria inter-relationships are found in the rhizosphere, since plants release a variety of photosynthetic exudates from their roots and rhizobacteria produce multifaceted specialized compounds including rich mixtures of volatiles, e.g., the bouquet of Serratia odorifera 4Rx13 is composed of up to 100 volatile organic and inorganic compounds. Here we show that when growi...

In 2004,ammonia concentration in raw water of Sitalakhya River at the eastern periphery of Dhaka was found higher than the expected rate of 4 mg/Lforecasted in feasibility studies,with a value of about 8 mg/L, which could not be removed by conventional treatment chain employed at Dhaka, hence, recentlyan ammonia removal plant has been constructed. This important background has ledto the current...