the main objective of a research program, whose output is presented here, has been to estimate “ventilation coefficients”, a critical parameter in determining air pollution concentration near the surface ground which signifies the ability for natural ventilation of an air shed in an urban or rural area. relevant measured data from the city of tehran has been used to calibrate and further de...

Time resolved emission spectroscopic measurements on a plasma plume generated by pulsed laser ablation of carbon in helium ambient atmosphere have been performed. Temporal pro®les of electronically excited C2 species show a twin peak distribution beyond a threshold laser irradiance. The emission features of C2 species are found to be signi®cantly in ̄uenced by the ambient helium atmosphere. It i...

The technique presently used at most millimeter telescopes is the "Chopper Wheel Method" introduced by Penzias and Burrus (ARAA, 1973, 11,51), in which the output de ection of an observed source is compared with the di erence between the sky brightness and that of an ambient temperature load. The physical temperature of the absorbing atmosphere is then taken to be the same as the ambient load o...

Gas-phase chemical mechanisms for use in regional or global tropospheric atmospheric chemistry applications require validation against measurement data in order to assure the modeller and policy-makers that the mechanism adequately represents the chemical processes of the real atmosphere. One means of mechanism validation is through the use of smog-chamber data, in which atmospheric chemistry e...

[1] Interaction between impact-induced vapor clouds and the ambient atmosphere may play an important role in planetary evolution. In the companion study, Sugita and Schultz [2003] conducted a series of impact experiments detailing observation of this interaction process. The laboratory experiments using diatomic molecular spectroscopy provide several well-defined observational constraints on th...

This paper presents a demonstration set-up of a rich interactive interface in control of an ambient home atmosphere projection system, managing lights, audio and wall projected video art. The interface, named the Carrousel, is based on the expressiveness of material, form and movement and allows people to dynamically 'sculpt' a desired atmosphere using expressive gestures. The ‘sculptor’s’ acti...

The techniques currently available to measure the ambient atmospheric concentrations of O 3 , O 3 -precursors (including the odd-hydrogen free radicals), the oxidation products of these compounds, and gas-phase aerosol precursors are outlined below. This critical review focuses on the recent developments, and, in particular those developments that have been reported in the published literature ...

Nickel is released to the atmosphere by windblown dust, volcanoes, combustion of fuel oil, municipal incineration, and industries involved in nickel refining, steel production, and other nickel alloy production. The form of nickel emitted to the atmosphere is dependent upon the source. Complex nickel oxides, nickel sulfate, and metallic nickel are associated with combustion, incineration, and s...

We firstly propose a facile, mild and effective thermal-decomposition strategy to prepare high-quality graphene at a low temperature of 300 °C in only 5 min under an ambient atmosphere. Applying the advantage of this strategy that provides an oxidizing atmosphere, pure V(2)O(5)/graphene composite is successfully synthesized and exerts excellent lithium storage properties.