Rare earth metals are used in semiconductors, solar cells and catalysts. This review focuses on the background of oxide metallurgy technologies, the chemical and physical properties of rare earth (RE) metals, the background of oxide metallurgy, the functions of RE metals in steelmaking, and the influences of RE metals on steel microstructures. Future prospects for RE metal applications in steel...

THE MINING REPORT Luisa Moreno, managing partner and analyst with Toronto-based Tahuti Global, says there are many things investors must pay attention to when it comes to critical metals projects, but nothing should trump metallurgy. That's because no two deposits are precisely the same, and having a clear understanding of how to economically recover those metals and get them into end-users' ha...

The production of over 400 grams of pure gadolinium metal by reduction of the anhydrous chloride by calcium in tantalum vessels is described; yields were over 97%. The use of the same techniques in an attempt to prepare yttrium metal were partially successful.

The separation and recovery of rare earth metals from fluorescence material waste was investigated by using solvent extraction with 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester in kerosene. Extraction equilibrium expressions were established for the trivalent metals (La, Ce, Eu, Tb, Y and Al) and divalent metals (Ca, Sr and Ba) for both single and multi components systems. The process s...

1 Terrestrial Paleoclimatology Research Group, Department of Geosciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States, 2 Messel Research and Mammalogy Department, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany, 3 Department of Earth Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 4 Department of Anthropology, University of Minnesota, Mi...