Considerable evidence both in vitro and in vivo suggests that alcohols exert their intoxicating properties through an interaction with membranes. A wide range of alcohols and diols with divergent structures induce a virtually identical spectrum of intoxication signs. Because of their pharmacological similarities to ethanol, a number of aliphatic diols were tested to determine whether this class...

Petroleum exploitation in oilfields, especially drilling, generates an oily sludge mixed with hydrocarbons and mineral solids. This oily sludge is sometimes treated by bioremediation and phytoremediation. This investigation established that landfarmed oil sludge provided adequate soil conditions to grow jack beans (Canavalia ensiformis) that in turn rhizoand phytoremediated residual aliphatic a...

Individual serum or plasma bile acid concentrations were measured by high performance liquid chromatography in two groups of workers with differing exposures: to hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) and a mixture of other chlorinated solvents (SOLVENT) in study A; and trichloroethylene (TCE) in study B. Exposures to HCBD and TCE were associated with highly significant increases in a number of individual ...

Materials and methods A retrospective case-control study was performed. Industry workers from an oil refinery were monitored for a 6yrs period. The air levels of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons were monitored. During this period, all workers received regular clinical examinations, which included evaluation for smoking status, occupational exposure to hydrocarbons (aliphatic and aromatic), a...

The separation of aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and xylenes) from C4 to C10 aliphatic hydrocarbon mixtures is challenging since these hydrocarbons have boiling points in a close range and several combinations form azeotropes. In this work, we investigated the separation of toluene from heptane by extraction with ionic liquids. Several ionic liquids are suitable for extr...

Evidence is presented for a catabolic pathway of n-alkane oxidation which proceeds via subterminal oxidation rather than methyl group oxidation.

the caspian sea as the biggest surrounded water body (lake) in the world is bordered by the states of azerbaijan, russia, iran, kazakhstan and turkmenistan. urban development in addition to the increase of industrial and oil production activities (oil refinery and petrochemical plants) in the northern and eastern regions of caspian sea in recent years have caused entrance of high amount of oily...

The functionalisation of decalin by means of an "aliphatic Friedel-Crafts" reaction was reported over fifty years ago by Baddeley et al. This protocol is of current relevance in the context of C-H activation and here we demonstrate its applicability to a range of other saturated hydrocarbons. Structural elucidation of the products is described and a mechanistic rationale for their formation is ...